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Effects of deficit irrigation on the yield and yield components of drip irrigated cotton in a mediterranean environment

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  • Ünlü, Mustafa
  • Kanber, RIza
  • Koç, D. Levent
  • Tekin, Servet
  • Kapur, Burçak

Abstract

A field study on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., cv.) was carried out from 2005 to 2008 in the Çukurova Region, Eastern Mediterranean, Turkey. Treatments were designated as I100 full irrigation; DI70, DI50 and DI00 which received 70, 50, and 0% of the irrigation water amount applied in the I100 treatment. The irrigation water amount to be applied to the plots was calculated using cumulative pan evaporation that occurred during the irrigation intervals. The effect of water deficit or water stress on crop yield and some plant growth parameters such as yield response, water use efficiencies, dry matter yield (DM), leaf area index (LAI) as well as on lint quality components was evaluated. The average seasonal evapotranspiration ranged from 287 ± 15 (DI00) to 584 ± 80 mm (I100). Deficit irrigation significantly affected crop yield and all yield components considered in this study. The average seed cotton yield varied from 1369 ± 197 (DI00) to 3397 ± 508 kg ha-1 (I100). The average water use efficiency (WUEET) ranged from 6.0 ± 1.6 (I100) to 4.8 ± 0.9 kg ha-1 mm-1 (DI00), while average irrigation water use efficiency (WUEI) was between 9.4 ± 3.0 (I100) and 14.4 ± 4.8 kg ha-1 mm-1 (DI50). Deficit irrigation increased the harvest index (HI) values from 0.26 ± 0.054 (I100) to 0.32 ± 0.052 kg kg-1 (DI50). Yield response factor (Ky) was determined to be 0.98 based on four-year average. Leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter yields (DM) increased with increasing water use. This study demonstrated that the full irrigated treatment (I100) should be used for semiarid conditions with no water shortage. However, DI70 treatment needs to be considered as a viable alternative for the development of reduced irrigation strategies in semiarid regions where irrigation water supplies are limited.

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  • Ünlü, Mustafa & Kanber, RIza & Koç, D. Levent & Tekin, Servet & Kapur, Burçak, 2011. "Effects of deficit irrigation on the yield and yield components of drip irrigated cotton in a mediterranean environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(4), pages 597-605, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:98:y:2011:i:4:p:597-605
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    7. Cheng, Minghui & Wang, Haidong & Fan, Junliang & Zhang, Shaohui & Wang, Yanli & Li, Yuepeng & Sun, Xin & Yang, Ling & Zhang, Fucang, 2021. "Water productivity and seed cotton yield in response to deficit irrigation: A global meta-analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
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    15. Hafiz Shahzad Ahmad & Muhammad Imran & Fiaz Ahmad & Shah Rukh & Rao Muhammad Ikram & Hafiz Muhammad Rafique & Zafar Iqbal & Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli & Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni & Shafaqat Ali & Tanve, 2021. "Improving Water Use Efficiency through Reduced Irrigation for Sustainable Cotton Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-12, April.
    16. Fan, Yubing & Wang, Chenggang & Nan, Zhibiao, 2018. "Determining water use efficiency of wheat and cotton: A meta-regression analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 48-60.
    17. Fan, Yubing & Wang, Chenggang & Nan, Zhibiao, 2014. "Comparative evaluation of crop water use efficiency, economic analysis and net household profit simulation in arid Northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 335-345.
    18. Papastylianou, Panayiota T. & Argyrokastritis, Ioannis G., 2014. "Effect of limited drip irrigation regime on yield, yield components, and fiber quality of cotton under Mediterranean conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 127-134.
    19. Hou, Xianghao & Xiang, Youzhen & Fan, Junliang & Zhang, Fucang & Hu, Wenhui & Yan, Fulai & Guo, Jinjin & Xiao, Chao & Li, Yuepeng & Cheng, Houliang & Li, Zhijun, 2021. "Evaluation of cotton N nutrition status based on critical N dilution curve, N uptake and residual under different drip fertigation regimes in Southern Xinjiang of China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    20. Wang, Jiangtao & Du, Gangfeng & Tian, Jingshan & Jiang, Chuangdao & Zhang, Yali & Zhang, Wangfeng, 2021. "Mulched drip irrigation increases cotton yield and water use efficiency via improving fine root plasticity," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    21. Shareef, Muhammad & Gui, Dongwei & Zeng, Fanjiang & Waqas, Muhammad & Zhang, Bo & Iqbal, Hassan, 2018. "Water productivity, growth, and physiological assessment of deficit irrigated cotton on hyperarid desert-oases in northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1-10.

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