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Costly Yield Verification, Moral Hazard, And Crop Insurance Contract Form

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  • Charles E. Hyde
  • James A. Vercammen

Abstract

The theories of hidden‐action, both moral hazard and costly state verification, are drawn on to analyse crop insurance contract structure. The hidden‐action moral hazard model allows few clear predictions regarding optimal contract form. In particular, the conditions under which actual contracts are optimal are not clear. Posing crop insurance as a problem of costly yield verification, however, results in optimal contracts with familiar properties ‐ a deductible indemnification if and only if yield is verified, and indemnification only when yield is low. However, these contracts require full insurance across low yield states, while actual contracts typically involve co‐insurance. This model is then generalised to incorporate hidden‐action moral hazard, and it is shown that optimal contracts then require co‐insurance. Thus, this model reflects the essential features of actual contracts, suggesting that recognising the incentives for misreporting and for insurers to economise on yield verification costs will potentially result in a better understanding of crop insurance.

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  • Charles E. Hyde & James A. Vercammen, 1997. "Costly Yield Verification, Moral Hazard, And Crop Insurance Contract Form," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(1‐3), pages 393-407, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:jageco:v:48:y:1997:i:1-3:p:393-407
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-9552.1997.tb01161.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charles E. Hyde, 1996. "Crop Insurance: The Relationship Between Indemnity Price And Expected Output Price," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1‐4), pages 236-246, January.
    2. Lacker, Jeffrey M & Weinberg, John A, 1989. "Optimal Contracts under Costly State Falsification," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 97(6), pages 1345-1363, December.
    3. Hyde, Charles E., 1996. "Crop Insurance: The Relationship Between Indemnity Price and Expected Output Price," 1996 Conference (40th), February 11-16, 1996, Melbourne, Australia 156598, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    4. Dilip Mookherjee & Ivan Png, 1989. "Optimal Auditing, Insurance, and Redistribution," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 104(2), pages 399-415.
    5. HOLMSTROM, Bengt, 1979. "Moral hazard and observability," LIDAM Reprints CORE 379, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    6. Jerry R. Skees & Michael R. Reed, 1986. "Rate Making for Farm-Level Crop Insurance: Implications for Adverse Selection," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 68(3), pages 653-659.
    7. James Vercammen & G. Cornelis van Kooten, 1994. "Moral Hazard Cycles in Individual-Coverage Crop Insurance," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 76(2), pages 250-261.
    8. Bengt Holmstrom, 1979. "Moral Hazard and Observability," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 10(1), pages 74-91, Spring.
    9. Townsend, Robert M., 1979. "Optimal contracts and competitive markets with costly state verification," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 265-293, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rejesus, Roderick M. & Lovell, Ashley C. & Little, Bertis B. & Cross, Mike H., 2003. "Determinants of Anomalous Prevented Planting Claims: Theory and Evidence from Crop Insurance," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 32(2), pages 244-258, October.
    2. Benjamin M. Gramig & Richard D. Horan & Christopher A. Wolf, 2008. "Livestock Disease Indemnity Design When Moral Hazard Is Followed by Adverse Selection," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 91(3), pages 627-641.
    3. Chung, Wonho, 2013. "Reducing the Social Cost of Federal Crop Insurance: A Role for US Government Hedging with Weather Derivatives," Journal of Rural Development/Nongchon-Gyeongje, Korea Rural Economic Institute, vol. 36(2), pages 1-26, August.
    4. Jin, Yanhong H. & McCarl, Bruce A., 2006. "Animal Disease Related Pre-event Investment and Post-event Compensation: A Multi-agent Problem," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21216, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    5. R M Rejesus, 2003. "Ex post Moral Hazard in Crop Insurance: Costly State Verification or Falsification?," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 8(2), pages 29-46, September.
    6. Zhang Dongling & Yang Zehui, 2015. "Adverse Selection Risk Early-Warning of Agricultural Insurance Towards Food Quality Safety — Illustrated by an example of vegetable sites in Shandong province," Journal of Systems Science and Information, De Gruyter, vol. 3(3), pages 248-263, June.
    7. Gramig, Benjamin M. & Horan, Richard D. & Wolf, Christopher A., 2005. "A Model of Incentive Compatibility under Moral Hazard in Livestock Disease Outbreak Response," 2005 Annual meeting, July 24-27, Providence, RI 19200, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).

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