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1994
- 1994/050 The Trade and Welfare Consequences of U.S. Export-Enhancing Tax Provisions
by Mr. Stephen Tokarick & Don Rousslang
- 1994/049 Credibility of Policies Versus Credibility of Policymakers
by Mr. Paul R Masson & Allan Drazen
- 1994/048 Operational Issues Related to the Functioning of Interbank Foreign Exchange Markets in Selected African Countries
by Ms. Yin-Fun Lum & Mr. Calvin A McDonald
- 1994/047 Credit Markets with Differences in Abilities: Education, Distribution, and Growth
by Mr. Jose De Gregorio & Mr. Se-Jik Kim
- 1994/046 Searching for the Virtues of the European Model
by Gilles Saint-Paul
- 1994/045 Trade Reforms of Uncertain Duration and Real Uncertainty: A First Approximation
by Mr. Guillermo Calvo & Mr. Enrique G. Mendoza
- 1994/044 Information Externalities Affecting the Dynamic Pattern of Foreign Direct Investment: The Case of China
by Sayuri Shirai & Dongpei Huang
- 1994/043 Interenterprise Arrears in Post-Communist Economies
by Jacek Rostowski
- 1994/042 A Formal Model of Optimum Currency Areas
by Mr. Tamim Bayoumi
- 1994/041 The Internationalization of Yen and Key Currency Questions
by Toru Iwami
- 1994/040 A Framework for the Analysis of Pension and Unemployment Benefit Reform in Poland
by Mr. W. R. M. Perraudin
- 1994/039 Financial Structure, Bank Lending Rates, and the Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy
by Ms. Angeliki Kourelis & Mr. Carlo Cottarelli
- 1994/038 Tax Policy Implications in Endogenous Growth Models
by Bin Xu
- 1994/037 Improving the Management of a Central Bank: A Case Study
by Mr. John Mendzela
- 1994/036 Economic Determinants of Fund Financial Arrangements
by Julio A. Santaella & Mr. Malcolm D. Knight
- 1994/035 Drift in Producer Price Indexes for the Former Soviet Union (FSU) Countries
by Mr. Kimberly D. Zieschang & François Lequiller
- 1994/034 Financial and Enterprise Restructuring in Emerging Market Economies
by Mr. Steven M. Fries & Mr. Timothy D. Lane
- 1994/033 International Evidenceon Tradables and Nontradables Inflation
by Holger C. Wolf & Mr. Alberto Giovannini & Mr. Jose De Gregorio
- 1994/032 Taxation of Petroleum Products: Theory and Empirical Evidence
by Mrs. Poonam Gupta & Mr. Walter Mahler
- 1994/031 The Use of Financial Spreads As Indicator Variables: Evidence for the U.K. and Germany
by E. P. Davis & S. G. B. Henry
- 1994/030 Labor Market Institutions and Flexibility in Italy: A Critical Evaluation and Some International Comparisons
by Mr. Dimitri G Demekas
- 1994/029 Competitiveness Indicators: A Theoretical and Empirical Assessment
by Ian W. Marsh & Mr. Stephen Tokarick
- 1994/028 Changing Patterns in Public Expenditure Management: An Overview
by A. Premchand
- 1994/027 Core Functional Requirements for Fiscal Management Systems
by Ali Hashim & Bill Allan
- 1994/026 An Overview of the Japanese Distribution System: The Case of the Automobile Industry
by Sayuri Shirai
- 1994/025 The "Hard" SDR: An Exploratory Analysis
by Mr. Subhash Madhav Thakur
- 1994/024 Systemic Requirements for Monetary Stability in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
by Jacek Rostowski
- 1994/023 Economics, Politics, and Ethics of Primary Commodity Development: How Can Poor Countries in Africa Benefit the Most?
by Uma J. Lele & Mr. James Jerome Gockowski & Kofi Adu-Nyako
- 1994/022 Targeting the Real Exchange Rate: Theory and Evidence
by Mr. Carlos A. Végh Gramont & Mr. Guillermo Calvo & Ms. Carmen Reinhart
- 1994/021 Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries
by Ceyla Pazarbasioglu & Ms. Inci Ötker
- 1994/020 Realignment Expectations, Forward Rate Bias, and Sterilized Intervention in an Adjustable Peg Exchange Rate Model with Policy Optimization
by Mr. Peter Isard
- 1994/019 Real Exchange Rates and the Prices of Nontradable Goods
by S. Micossi & Mr. Gian M Milesi-Ferretti
- 1994/018 Witholding Taxes and the Cost of Public Debt
by Harry Huizinga
- 1994/017 Robustness of Equilibrium Exchange Rate Calculations to Alternative Assumptions and Methodologies
by Mr. Peter B. Clark & Mr. Steven A. Symansky & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi & Mr. Mark P. Taylor
- 1994/016 Geography, Trade Patterns, and Economic Policy
by Mr. Carlos M. Asilis & Luis Rivera-Batiz
- 1994/015 Endogenous Time Preference and Endogenous Growth
by Mr. Howell H Zee
- 1994/014 Working Paper Summaries (WP/93/55 - WP/93/95)
by International Monetary Fund
- 1994/013 The Payments Systems Reforms and Monetary Policy in Emerging Market Economies in Central and Eastern Europe
by International Monetary Fund
- 1994/012 Real Estate Price Inflation, Monetary Policy, and Expectations in the United States and Japan
by Hossein Samiei & Mr. Garry J. Schinasi
- 1994/011 Monetary Policy in Unified Currency Areas: The Cases of the Cama and Ecca During 1976-90
by Mr. Jean-Claude Nascimento
- 1994/010 Shortages Under Free Prices: The Case of Ukraine in 1992
by Mr. Timothy D. Lane & Mr. Rolando Ossowski & Mr. Alexander Sundakov
- 1994/009 The Macroeconomic Determinants of Commodity Prices
by Mr. Eduardo Borensztein & Ms. Carmen Reinhart
- 1994/008 Export Instability and the External Balance in Developing Countries
by Mr. Atish R. Ghosh & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry
- 1994/007 Commodity Prices: Cyclical Weakness or Secular Decline?
by Mr. Peter Wickham & Ms. Carmen Reinhart
- 1994/006 Measuring the Transition: A User's Viewon National Accounts in Russia
by Mr. Vincent Koen
- 1994/005 Comparative Advantage, Exchange Rates, and G-7 Sectoral Trade Balances
by Mr. Stephen S. Golub
- 1994/004 The U.S. Public Debt: Implications for Growth
by Mr. Carlos M. Asilis
- 1994/003 Money Demand, Bank Credit, and Economic Performance in Former Socialist Economies
by Mr. Manmohan S. Kumar & Mr. Guillermo Calvo
- 1994/002 Long Memory Processes and Chronic Inflation: Detecting Homogeneous Components in a Linear Rational Expectation Model
by Mr. Fabio Scacciavillani
- 1994/001 ERM Money Supplies and the Transition to EMU
by Mr. Paul R Masson & Marcel Cassard & Mr. Timothy D. Lane
1993
- 1993/095 The Integration of World Capital Markets
by Mr. Morris Goldstein & Mr. Michael Mussa
- 1993/094 Endogeneity in Structural Unemployment Equations: The Case of Canada
by International Monetary Fund
- 1993/093 U.S. Health Care Reform
by Ms. Ellen Marie Nedde
- 1993/092 Recent U.S. Investment Incentives
by Mr. Christopher M Towe
- 1993/091 Labor Market Aspects of Industrial Restructuring in Canada
by Mr. Eswar S Prasad
- 1993/090 On Credible Disinflation
by Mr. Jorge Roldos
- 1993/089 Price Controls and Electoral Cycles
by Mr. Carlos M. Asilis & Pierre-Richard Agénor
- 1993/088 Financial Liberalization and the Information Content of Money in Indonesia, Korea, and the Philippines
by Mr. A. J Hamann
- 1993/087 Monetary Instruments and their Use During the Transition From a Centrally Planned to a Market Economy
by Mr. Paul Louis Ceriel Hilbers
- 1993/086 The Impact of Worldwide Military Spending Cutson Developing Countries
by Mr. Steven A. Symansky & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi & Mr. Daniel P. Hewitt
- 1993/085 Japanese Banks and the Asset Price "Bubble"
by Mr. Steven M. Fries
- 1993/084 International RandD Spillovers
by Mr. Elhanan Helpman & Mr. David T. Coe
- 1993/083 Expected Devaluation and Economic Fundamentals
by Mr. Alun H. Thomas
- 1993/082 Devaluation and Competitiveness in a Small Open Economy: Ireland 1987-1993
by Mr. Leonardo Bartolini
- 1993/081 Supply-Side Economics in an Integrated World Economy
by Ms. Linda L. Tesa & Mr. Enrique G. Mendoza
- 1993/080 Government Finance in a Model of Currency Substitution
by Lihong Liu & Ms. Anne C. Sibert
- 1993/079 Efficiency Wages and Labor Mobility in an Open Economy
by Julio A. Santaella & Pierre-Richard Agénor
- 1993/078 A Framework for Assessing Fiscal Sustainability and External Viability, with An Application to India
by Ms. Karen Elizabeth Parker & Steffen Kastner
- 1993/077 Asset Price Inflation in the 1980's: A Flow of Funds Perspective
by Mr. Garry J. Schinasi & Mr. Steven Riess Weisbrod & Ms. Monica Hargraves
- 1993/076 Testing the Credibility of Belgium's Exchange Rate Policy
by Mr. Ioannis Halikias
- 1993/075 The Role of Financial Institutions in the Transition to a Market Economy
by Mr. Michael G. Spencer & Mr. H. J. Blommestein
- 1993/074 The Russian Federation in Transition: External Developments
by Ms. Benedicte Vibe Christensen
- 1993/073 An Extended Scenario and Adjustment Model for Developing Countries
by Hossein Samiei & Mr. Manmohan S. Kumar & Ms. Sheila Bassett
- 1993/072 Credit Markets and Stagnation in an Endogenous Growth Model
by Mr. Jose De Gregorio
- 1993/071 Economic Trends in Africa: The Economic Performance of Sub-Saharan African Countries
by Mr. Pierre Dhonte & Mr. Jean A. P. Clément & Mr. Mbuyamu I Matungulu & Ms. Dawn Elizabeth Rehm
- 1993/070 Is the Parallel Market Premium a Reliable Indicator of Real Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries
by Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Mr. Peter J Montiel
- 1993/069 Presumptive Taxation: Revenue and Automatic Stabilizer Aspects
by Mr. S. Nuri Erbas
- 1993/068 Alternative Exchange Rate Strategies and Fiscal Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa
by Mrs. Stefania Bazzoni & Mr. Karim A. Nashashibi
- 1993/067 The Stabilizing Effect of the ERMon Exchange Rates and Interest Rates: An Empirical Investigation
by Mr. Michael J. Artis & Mr. Mark P. Taylor
- 1993/066 Structural Adjustment, Economic Performance, and Aid Dependency in Tanzania
by Isha Agrawal & Zafar U. Ahmed & Mr. Michael Mered & Mr. Roger Nord
- 1993/065 Technical Assistanceon Tax Policy: A Review
by International Monetary Fund
- 1993/064 The Use of Foreign Exchange Swaps by Central Banks: A Survey
by Ms. Catharina J. Hooyman
- 1993/063 Working Paper Summaries (WP/93/1 - WP/93/54)
by International Monetary Fund
- 1993/062 Saving, Investment, and the Regional Current Account: An Analysis of Canadian, British, and German Regions
by Mr. Alun H. Thomas
- 1993/061 Enterprise Arrears in Russia: Causes and Policy Options
by Mr. David Bigman & Mr. Sérgio Pereira. Leite
- 1993/060 Collection Lags and the Optimal Inflation Tax: A Reconsideration
by Mr. José A. Tijerina & Mr. Alex Mourmouras
- 1993/059 Openness, Human Development, and Fiscal Policies: Effectson Economic Growth and Speed of Adjustment
by Delano Villanueva
- 1993/058 The Fiscal Abuse of Central Banks
by Maxwell J. Fry
- 1993/057 Political Feasibility and Investment in Economic Transformations
by Mr. Peter Isard & Mr. Joshua Aizenman
- 1993/056 Sovereign Debt: A Survey of Some Theoretical and Policy Issues
by Mr. Vivek B. Arora
- 1993/055 The Economic Reform Process in Russia
by Mr. John C. Odling-Smee & Mr. Henri Lorie
- 1993/054 Lessons in Fiscal Consolidation for the Successor States of the Soviet Union
by Mr. George Kopits
- 1993/053 An Analytical Framework of Environmental Issues
by Mr. Jonathan Levin
- 1993/052 Revisiting Japan's External Adjustment Since 1985
by Mr. Guy M Meredith
- 1993/051 Public and Private Investment and the Convergence of Per Capita Incomes in Developing Countries
by Mr. Mohsin S. Khan & Mr. Manmohan S. Kumar
- 1993/050 Optimal Tariffs: Theory and Practice
by Mr. Ali Ibrahim & Mr. Arvind Subramanian & Mr. Luis A. Torres-Castro
- 1993/049 Introduction of a New National Currency: Policy, Institutional, and Technical Issues
by Mr. Hernán Cortés Douglas & Mr. Richard K. Abrams
- 1993/048 Deer Hunting: Misalignment, Debt Accumulation, and Desired Equilibrium Exchange Rates
by Mr. Mark P. Taylor & Mr. Michael J. Artis
- 1993/047 Price Reform and Durable Goods in the Transition to a Market Economy
by Pierre-Richard Agénor
- 1993/046 Viet Nam: Reform and Stabilization, 1986-1992
by Erich Spitäller & Mr. Gabrielle Lipworth
- 1993/045 The Behavior of Nontradable Goods Prices in Europe: Evidence and Interpretation
by Mr. Jose De Gregorio & Mr. Thomas Krueger & Mr. Alberto Giovannini
- 1993/044 The Relation Between Skill Levels and the Cyclical Variability of Employment, Hours, and Wages
by Mr. Michael P. Keane & Mr. Eswar S Prasad
- 1993/043 On Improving Public Expenditure Policies for the Poor: Major Informational Requirements
by Mr. Nigel A Chalk & Mr. Ehtisham Ahmad
- 1993/042 Poland: The Social Safety Net During the Transition
by Mr. Xavier Maret & Mr. Gerd Schwartz
- 1993/041 Exports and Economic Development
by Delano Villanueva
- 1993/040 Toward An Economic Theory of Multilateral Development Banking
by Mr. Gerd Schwartz
- 1993/039 Economic Reform in Arab Countries: A Review of Structural Issues for the Remainder of the 1990's
by Mr. Mohamed A. El-Erian & Mr. Shamsuddin Tareq
- 1993/038 Real Exchange Rate Targeting Under Imperfect Asset Substitutability
by Mr. José Saúl Lizondo
- 1993/037 Private Saving, Public Saving, and the Inflation Tax: Another Look At An Old Issue
by Mr. A. J Hamann
- 1993/036 Experience with Floating Interbank Exchange Rate Systems in Five Developing Economies
by Vicente Galbis
- 1993/035 Reserve Requirements and Monetary Management: An Introduction
by International Monetary Fund
- 1993/034 Do Capital Flows Reflect Economic Fundamentals in Developing Countries?
by Mr. Atish R. Ghosh & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry
- 1993/033 Net Foreign Assets and International Adjustment: The United States, Japan, and Germany
by Ms. Jocelyn Horne & Mr. Paul R Masson & Jeroen J. M. Kremers
- 1993/032 Labor Market Issues in Belgium: An International Perspective
by Mr. Reza Moghadam
- 1993/031 Savings, Growth and Capital Markets Imperfections: The Case of Borrowing Constraints
by Mr. Jose De Gregorio
- 1993/030 Determinants of Private Investment in Pakistan
by Mr. Khaled Sakr
- 1993/029 Stabilization Dynamics and Backward-Looking Contracts
by Mr. Carlos A. Végh Gramont & Mr. Guillermo Calvo
- 1993/028 Evaluating the EMS and EMU Using Stochastic Simulations: Some Issues
by Mr. Paul R Masson & Mr. Steven A. Symansky
- 1993/027 Public Expenditure Policy and the Environment: A Review and Synthesis
by Mr. Kenneth M. Miranda & Ian W.H. Parry & Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
- 1993/026 Intertemporal Substitution in Consumption Revisited
by Zuliu Hu
- 1993/025 Centralized Bargaining, Efficiency Wages, and Flexibility
by Mr. Ramana Ramaswamy & Mr. Bob Rowthorn
- 1993/024 The Demand for M1 in the United States: A Commenton Baba, Hendry, and Starr
by Mr. James M. Boughton
- 1993/023 Conducting Monetary and Credit Policy in Countries of the Former Soviet Union: Some Issues and Options
by Mr. Hugh Bredenkamp
- 1993/022 Fiscal Policy and the Economic Restructuring of Economies in Transition
by Mr. Vito Tanzi
- 1993/021 A Primeron Tax Evasion
by Mr. Vito Tanzi & Mr. Parthasarathi Shome
- 1993/020 Monetary and Exchange Rate Arrangements for Nafta
by Mr. Barry J. Eichengreen & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi
- 1993/019 The Yield Curve and Real Activity
by Zuliu Hu
- 1993/018 Military Expenditures 1972-1990: The Reasons Behind the Post-1985 Fall in World Military Spending
by Mr. Daniel P. Hewitt
- 1993/017 Economic Consequences of Lower Military Spending: Some Simulation Results
by Mr. Jerald A Schiff & Mr. Tamim Bayoumi & Mr. Daniel P. Hewitt
- 1993/016 Economic Restructuring, Unemployment, and Growth in a Transition Economy
by Ms. Kornelia Krajnyak & Mr. Bankim Chadha & Fabrizio Coricelli
- 1993/015 Asset Pricing in the International Economy
by Mr. José M. Barrionuevo
- 1993/014 A Comparative Analysis of the Structure of Tax Systems in Industrial Countries
by Assaf Razin & Mr. Enrique G. Mendoza & Ms. Linda L. Tesa
- 1993/013 Exchange-Rate Unification with Black Market Leakages: Russia 1992
by Ms. Linda S. Goldberg
- 1993/012 Auctions: Theory and Possible Applications to Economies in Transition
by Rajnish Mehra & Mr. Robert A Feldman
- 1993/011 Capital and Trade As Engines of Growth in France: An Application of Johansen's Cointegration Methodology
by Mr. David T. Coe & Mr. Reza Moghadam
- 1993/010 Portfolio Performance of the SDR and Reserve Currencies: Tests Using the ArCH Methodology
by Tugrul Temel & Mr. Michael G. Papaioannou
- 1993/009 Poverty, Demographic Characteristics, and Public Policy in Cis Countries
by Mr. Ehtisham Ahmad
- 1993/008 Alternative Social Security Systems in CIS Countries
by Mr. Ehtisham Ahmad & Mr. Jean-Luc Schneider
- 1993/007 High Real Interest Rates Under Financial Liberalization: Is there a Problem?
by Vicente Galbis
- 1993/006 Resource Allocation During the Transition to a Market Economy: Policy Implications of Supply Bottlenecks and Adjustment Costs
by Mr. Peter Isard & Mr. Joshua Aizenman
- 1993/005 Taxes and the Price Level: A Further Examination of the PPP Hypothesis
by Mr. Ephraim Kleiman
- 1993/004 Working Paper Summaries (WP/92/49 - WP/92/112)
by International Monetary Fund
- 1993/003 Stabilization Programs and External Enforcement: Experience From the 1920's
by Julio A. Santaella
- 1993/002 Cash-Flow Tax
by Christian Schutte & Mr. Parthasarathi Shome
- 1993/001 French-German Interest Rate Differentials and Time-Varying Realignment Risk
by Mr. Francesco Caramazza
1992