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Internal Migration in the United States: A Comprehensive Comparative Assessment of the Consumer Credit Panel

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  • Jack DeWaard
  • Janna Johnson
  • Stephan D. Whitaker

Abstract

We introduce and provide the first comprehensive comparative assessment of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York/Equifax Consumer Credit Panel (CCP) as a valuable and underutilized data set for studying internal migration within the United States. Relative to other data sources on US internal migration, the CCP permits highly detailed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of migration, both temporally and geographically. We compare cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates of migration from the CCP to similar estimates derived from the American Community Survey, the Current Population Survey, Internal Revenue Service data, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, and the Survey of Income and Program Participation. Our results establish the comparative utility and illustrate some of the unique advantages of the CCP relative to other data sources on US internal migration. We conclude by identifying some profitable directions for future research on US internal migration using the CCP, as well as reminding readers of the strengths and limitations of these data. More broadly, this paper contributes to discussions and debates on improving the availability, quality, and comparability of migration data.

Suggested Citation

  • Jack DeWaard & Janna Johnson & Stephan D. Whitaker, 2019. "Internal Migration in the United States: A Comprehensive Comparative Assessment of the Consumer Credit Panel," Working Papers 18-04R, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedcwq:180401
    DOI: 10.26509/frbc-wp-201804r
    Note: First published in March of 2018 titled "Internal Migration in the United States: A Comparative Assessment of the Utility of the Consumer Credit Panel:
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Merlino, Luca Paolo & Steinhardt, Max Friedrich & Wren-Lewis, Liam, 2024. "The long run impact of childhood interracial contact on residential segregation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    2. Alaina Barca & Larry Santucci & Leigh-Ann Schultz, 2022. "Foreclosure Kids: Examining the Early Adult Credit Usage of Adolescents Affected by Foreclosure," Working Papers 22-21, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    3. Merlino, Luca & Steinhardt, Max & Wren-Lewis, Liam, 2022. "The long run impact of childhood interracial contact on residential segregation," SocArXiv hyau2_v1, Center for Open Science.
    4. Anqi Xu, 2023. "Spatial Patterns and Determinants of Inter-county Migration in California: A Multilevel Gravity Model Approach," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(3), pages 1-33, June.
    5. Jack DeWaard & Mathew Hauer & Elizabeth Fussell & Katherine J. Curtis & Stephan D. Whitaker & Kathryn McConnell & Kobie Price & David Egan-Robertson & Michael Soto & Catalina Anampa Castro, 2022. "User Beware: Concerning Findings from the Post 2011–2012 U.S. Internal Revenue Service Migration Data," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 41(2), pages 437-448, April.
    6. Stephan D. Whitaker, 2022. "Is the grass really greener? Migrants' improvements in local labor market conditions and financial health," Working Papers 22-04, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    7. Gaetano Basso & Giovanni Peri, 2020. "Internal Mobility: The Greater Responsiveness of Foreign-Born to Economic Conditions," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 34(3), pages 77-98, Summer.
    8. Christa N. Gibbs & Benedict Guttman-Kenney & Donghoon Lee & Scott Nelson & Wilbert Van der Klaauw & Jialan Wang, 2024. "Consumer Credit Reporting Data," Staff Reports 1114, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    9. Arthur Acolin & Ari Decter-Frain & Matt Hall, 2022. "Small-area estimates from consumer trace data," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 47(27), pages 843-882.
    10. Catalina Anampa Castro & Katherine Curtis & Jack DeWaard & Elizabeth Fussell & Kathryn McConnell & Kobie Price & Michael Soto & Stephan D. Whitaker, 2021. "Migration as a Vector of Economic Losses from Disaster-Affected Areas in the United States," Working Papers 21-22, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    11. Madeleine I. G. Daepp, 2022. "Small-area moving ratios and the spatial connectivity of neighborhoods: Insights from consumer credit data," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 49(3), pages 1129-1146, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Consumer Credit Panel; Internal migration; Cross-sectional; Comparative; Longitudinal;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C55 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Large Data Sets: Modeling and Analysis
    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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