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Ausbau der stationären Pflege in den Bundesländern. Quantitative und qualitative Effekte des Einsatzes öffentlicher Mittel im Vergleich zur mobilen Pflege

Author

Listed:
  • Matthias Firgo
  • Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger

    (WIFO)

Abstract

Vor dem Hintergrund der Alterung der Bevölkerung, des Anstieges der Erwerbsquote und des Rückganges der Haushaltsgröße gewinnt die effiziente Ausgestaltung der Pflegesysteme immer mehr an Bedeutung. Mit Einführung des Pflegefondsgesetzes wurde der kontinuierliche Auf- und Ausbau dieser Systeme in den Bundesländern gesetzlich verankert. Dabei gilt der allgemeine Grundsatz, dem Ausbau mobiler Dienste Vorrang gegenüber dem stationären Bereich zu gewähren. Dieser Ansatz setzt jedoch eine gewisse Substituierbarkeit von stationärer Pflege durch mobile Dienste voraus. Die vorliegende Studie vergleicht daher mobile und stationäre Dienste kritisch und zeigt im Rahmen eines Literatursurveys und einer Befragung von Expertinnen und Experten die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der jeweiligen Dienstleistungen auf. Basierend auf dem Status quo werden zudem der künftige Bedarf und Aufwand für professionelle Pflegedienste in den Bundesländern projiziert und die Effekte einer zunehmenden Verlagerung vom stationären Bereich zu mobilen und alternativen Pflege- und Betreuungsformen geschätzt. Mobile und stationäre Dienste können, wie die Untersuchung zeigt, nur eingeschränkt als Substitute betrachtet werden. Die allokative Effizienz kann sowohl im mobilen als auch im stationären Bereich durch den Ausbau des Case- und Care-Managements gesteigert werden, die Intensivierung der Zusammenarbeit der beteiligten Gruppen (Angehörige, Pflege, Ärzte, Krankenhäuser) bietet weitere Potentiale zur Qualitäts- und Effizienzsteigerung. In allen Bundesländern steigt der Bedarf an formeller Pflege sowohl im mobilen als auch im stationären Bereich bis 2030 merklich, jedoch mit einem deutlichen West-Ost-Gefälle. Eine Verlagerung der Sachleistungen aus der stationären Pflege zu mobilen Diensten und alternativen Pflegeformen ist zwar mit einer beträchtlichen Nettoeinsparung verbunden, aufgrund der beschränkten Substituierbarkeit jedoch insgesamt nur begrenzt möglich.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthias Firgo & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2014. "Ausbau der stationären Pflege in den Bundesländern. Quantitative und qualitative Effekte des Einsatzes öffentlicher Mittel im Vergleich zur mobilen Pflege," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 47447.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:47447
    Note: With English abstract.
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Viola Angelini & Anne Laferrère, 2012. "Residential Mobility of the European Elderly," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo Group, vol. 58(3), pages 544-569, September.
    2. Peter Mayerhofer & Birgit Aigner & Thomas Döring, 2010. "Teilbericht 1: Räumliche Charakteristika des demographischen Wandels – Bevölkerung und Erwerbspotential," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 41126, March.
    3. Bonsang, Eric, 2009. "Does informal care from children to their elderly parents substitute for formal care in Europe?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 143-154, January.
    4. repec:mpr:mprres:6215 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Alois Guger & Käthe Knittler & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2008. "Alternative Finanzierungsformen der Pflegevorsorge," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 33620, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wifo, 2017. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 8/2017," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 90(8), August.
    2. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2020. "Pflegevorsorge in Gemeinden," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 66284.
    3. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Matthias Firgo & Oliver Fritz & Klaus Nowotny & Gerhard Streicher & Alexander Braun, 2017. "Österreich 2025 – Herausforderungen und volkswirtschaftliche Effekte der Pflegevorsorge," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 90(8), pages 639-648, August.
    4. Ulrike Huemer & Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Hedwig Lutz & Christine Mayrhuber, 2017. "Österreich 2025 – Arbeitszeitverteilung in Österreich. Analyse und Optionen aus Sicht der Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 59285, March.
    5. Wifo, 2020. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 6/2020," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 93(6), June.
    6. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Matthias Firgo, 2014. "Die Entwicklung des öffentlichen Aufwandes für Pflegedienstleistungen. Projektion für die österreichischen Bundesländer," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 87(9), pages 643-652, September.
    7. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Matthias Firgo, 2019. "Zum künftigen Bedarf an Pflegepersonal in den stationären und mobilen Diensten," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 92(3), pages 149-157, March.
    8. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Matthias Firgo & Gerhard Streicher, 2019. "Geriatrische Versorgung in Wien im Kontext des demographischen Wandels," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 62221, March.
    9. Matthias Firgo & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2014. "Status quo und Zukunftspotentiale der Pflegedienstleistungen in Österreich," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 87(9), pages 631-642, September.
    10. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Matthias Firgo & Oliver Fritz & Gerhard Streicher, 2017. "Österreich 2025 – Pflegevorsorge – Künftiger Finanzierungsaufwand und regionalwirtschaftliche Verflechtungen," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60469.
    11. Karl Aiginger & Marcus Scheiblecker, 2016. "Österreich 2025 – Eine Agenda für mehr Dynamik, sozialen Ausgleich und ökologische Nachhaltigkeit. Fortschrittsbericht," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58885, March.
    12. Jürgen Janger & Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Michael Böheim & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger & Thomas Horvath & Daniela Kletzan-Slamanig & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger & Maria M. Hofmarcher-Holzhacker, 2015. "Monitoring of Austria's Efforts Within the Europe 2020 Strategy. Update 2014-15," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58130, March.
    13. Wifo, 2014. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 9/2014," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 87(9), September.
    14. Michael Klien & Hans Pitlik & Matthias Firgo & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2020. "Ein Modell für einen strukturierten vertikalen Finanzausgleich in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 65854, March.
    15. Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2020. "Pflegevorsorge in den Gemeinden," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 93(10), pages 769-781, October.

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