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From smart destinations to smart tourism regions

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  • Gretzel, Ulrike

    (University of Southern California)

Abstract

There is growing interest in developing smart tourism beyond individual smart destinations, but research and practice currently do not supply the necessary conceptualizations that could inform smart tourism development at a regional level. This paper argues that this is the case because of smart tourism’s roots in smart city ideas and literature. It discusses the main pillars of smart tourism and smart destinations and then illustrates how pervasive urban biases are in the smart development arena. The paper then highlights the many ways in which these are problematic for reaching regional smart tourism understandings and designing appropriate regional-level strategies. It calls for smart tourism regions to be defined beyond clusters of individual smart destinations and across all domains of smartness.

Suggested Citation

  • Gretzel, Ulrike, 2018. "From smart destinations to smart tourism regions," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 42, pages 171-184.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:invreg:0388
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Canan Cengiz & Şükran Şahin & Bülent Cengiz & Mükerrem Bahar Başkır & Pelin Keçecioğlu Dağlı, 2021. "Evaluation of the Visitor Understanding of Coastal Geotourism and Geoheritage Potential Based on Sustainable Regional Development in Western Black Sea Region, Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-31, October.
    3. Yuejiao Wang & Shiwei Shen & Marios Sotiriadis & Li Zhang, 2020. "Suggesting a Framework for Performance Evaluation of Tourist Attractions: A Balance Score Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-22, August.
    4. Sanaz Shafiee & Ali Rajabzadeh Ghatari & Alireza Hasanzadeh & Saeed Jahanyan, 2022. "Developing a model for smart tourism destinations: an interpretive structural modelling approach," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 511-546, December.
    5. Biagi, Bianca & Brandano, Maria Giovanna & Ortega-Argiles, Raquel, 2021. "Smart specialisation and tourism: Understanding the priority choices in EU regions," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    6. Ballina, Francisco Javier De la Ballina, 2022. "Smart concept in rural tourism: a comparison between two phases (2016-2019)," Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural (RESR), Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural, vol. 60(1), January.
    7. Giner Sánchez, David & Celdrán Bernabeu, Marco Antonio, 2021. "El escenario Smart y sus derivadas en la estrategia de marketing online de los destinos turísticos. El caso de la Comunitat Valenciana," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 51, pages 107-127.
    8. Rodolfo Anes Silveira & Henrique São Mamede, 2024. "Strengthening the Resilience and Perseverance of Rural Accommodation Enterprises in the Iberian Depopulated Areas through Enterprise Architecture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-36, January.
    9. David Perrain & Philippe Jean-Pierre, 2019. "The smart destination strategy, a key factor for changes in vulnerable tourist destinations? [La stratégie de destination intelligente, facteur clé des mutations des destinations touristiques vulné," Post-Print hal-02144769, HAL.
    10. Genka Rafailova & Zlatka Todorova-Hamdan & Hristina Filipova, 2023. "Development of a Human-Centric Model for Assessment of Smart and Sustainable Tourism Destination," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 2, pages 151-171.
    11. Francesc González-Reverté, 2019. "Building Sustainable Smart Destinations: An Approach Based on the Development of Spanish Smart Tourism Plans," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-24, December.
    12. Joan Miquel Gomis-López & Francesc González-Reverté, 2020. "Smart Tourism Sustainability Narratives in Mature Beach Destinations. Contrasting the Collective Imaginary with Reality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-16, June.
    13. Mercedes Raquel García Revilla & Javier Perogil Burgos & Carmen Sarah Einsle & Olga Martinez Moure, 2022. "Proposal of New Strategies for Smart Tourism Destinations in the Challenging New Reality: A Commitment to the Technology–Sustainability Binomial," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, May.
    14. Andrea Gomez-Oliva & Joanna Alvarado-Uribe & Maria Concepcion Parra-Meroño & Antonio J. Jara, 2019. "Transforming Communication Channels to the Co-Creation and Diffusion of Intangible Heritage in Smart Tourism Destination: Creation and Testing in Ceutí (Spain)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-30, July.
    15. Genka Rafailova & Antonio Hadzhikolev, 2020. "Assessment Of Smart Experience Of Tourists And Local Citizens In Tourist Destination," Anniversary Scientific Conference with International Participation TOURISM AND CONNECTIVITY 2020, University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, issue 1, pages 563-569, October.
    16. José María López-Sanz & Azucena Penelas-Leguía & Pablo Gutiérrez-Rodríguez & Pedro Cuesta-Valiño, 2021. "Sustainable Development and Rural Tourism in Depopulated Areas," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    smart tourism; smart destination; smart city; smart region; scalability; governance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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