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La mobilité intra-groupe des salariés : le poids de la proximité géographique et structurale

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  • Sébastien Delarre
  • Richard Duhautois

Abstract

[fre] La mobilité intra-groupe des salariés: le poids de la proximité géographique et structurale . . Les groupes sont composés d’entreprises ayant des liens financiers, chaque entreprise occupant une position spécifique au sein de sa structure. Un appariement de l’enquête Liaisons financières (Lifi) et du panel . Déclarations annuelles de données sociales (DADS) permet d’observer et de quantifier la mobilité des salariés des groupes en France entre 1991 et 1999. Notamment, cette mobilité peut être replacée dans le cadre de l’analyse des marchés internes du travail: pour un salarié d’un groupe, le marché interne représente le marché au sein de l’entreprise et le marché intra-groupe (mobilité entre entreprises du même groupe). Toutefois, on constate que ce marché interne est constitué pour l’essentiel d’entreprises proches géographiquement (même département) et d’entreprises très voisines dans la structure du groupe. Ce résultat intervient quels que soient le secteur d’activité ou la taille de l’entreprise. Cependant, le rôle de la taille est non linéaire (on peut le représenter par une courbe en U). [spa] La movilidad de los asalariados dentro de un mismo grupo de empresas: el peso de la proximidad geográfica y de estructura . . Los grupos se componen de empresas que tienen vínculos financieros, ocupando cada empresa un puesto específico dentro de la estructura del grupo. Un cotejo de la encuesta Relaciones financieras (Lifi) y del panel Declaraciones anuales de datos sociales (DADS) permite observar y cuantificar la movilidad de los asalariados de los grupos en Francia entre 1991 y 1999. Entre otros aspectos, esta movilidad puede integrarse en el ámbito del análisis de los mercados laborales internos: para un asalariado de un grupo, el mercado interno representa el mercado dentro de la empresa y el mercado dentro del grupo (movilidad entre empresas de un mismo grupo). Sin embargo, queda patente que ese mercado interno se constituye en lo esencial de unas empresas geográficamente cercanas (mismo departamento) y de empresas muy parecidas dentro de la estructura del grupo. Este resultado se da sea el que sea el sector de actividad o el tamaño de la empresa. Con todo, no es linear el papel del tamaño (se puede representar por una curva en U). [ger] Mobilität der Arbeitnehmer innerhalb eines Konzerns: Einfluss der geographischen und strukturellen Nähe . . Konzerne setzen sich aus Unternehmen zusammen, die finanziell miteinander verbunden sind, wobei jedes Unternehmen innerhalb der Konzernstruktur eine besondere Position einnimmt. Die Erhebung finanzielle Beziehungen (Lifi) und das Panel Jahreserklärung der Sozialdaten (DADS) ermöglichen es gemeinsam, die Mobilität der Arbeitnehmer von Konzernen in Frankreich zwischen 1991 und 1999 zu beobachten und zu quantifizieren. Diese Mobilität kann insbesondere im Rahmen der Analyse der internen Arbeitsmärkte betrachtet werden: für einen Arbeitnehmer eines Konzerns stellt der interne Markt den Markt innerhalb des Unternehmens und innerhalb des Konzerns dar (Mobilität zwischen Unternehmen ein und desselben Konzerns). Allerdings ist festzustellen, dass dieser interne Markt im Wesentlichen aus Unternehmen, die geographisch nahe beieinander liegen (im gleichen Departement), und Unternehmen, die sehr ähnliche Strukturen im Konzern haben, besteht. Zu diesem Ergebnis gelangt man unabhängig vom Tätigkeitsbereich oder von der Unternehmensgröße. Allerdings spielt die Größe keine lineare Rolle (man kann sie mit einer U-Kurve veranschaulichen). [eng] Employee Mobility within a Group: the Weight of Geographic Proximity and Structural Similarities . . Groups are made up of firms with financial links, where each firm occupies a specific place in the structure. A comparison of the Financial Links Survey (LIFI) with the DADS panel of annual payroll declarations by firms shows and quantifies the mobility of group employees in France from 1991 to 1999. This mobility can be placed in the context of an analysis of internal job markets: the internal market for a group employee is the market within the company and within the group (mobility between firms of the same group). We observe that this internal market is made up mainly of geographically close firms (in the same département) . and structurally similar firms in the group. This finding holds regardless of the line of business and company size. However, the role of size is non-linear (it can be represented by a U curve).

Suggested Citation

  • Sébastien Delarre & Richard Duhautois, 2003. "La mobilité intra-groupe des salariés : le poids de la proximité géographique et structurale," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 369(1), pages 173-190.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_2003_num_369_1_7291
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2003.7291
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.2003.7291
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oi, Walter Y. & Idson, Todd L., 1999. "Firm size and wages," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 33, pages 2165-2214, Elsevier.
    2. Richard Duhautois, 2002. "Les réallocations d'emplois en France sont-elles en phase avec le cycle ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 351(1), pages 87-103.
    3. Williamson, Oliver E, 1973. "Markets and Hierarchies: Some Elementary Considerations," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 63(2), pages 316-325, May.
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    6. Olivier Favereau & Emmanuel Lazega (ed.), 2002. "Conventions and Structures in Economic Organization," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2235.
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    8. Lazear, Edward P, 1995. "A Jobs-Based Analysis of Labor Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(2), pages 260-265, May.
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