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Observation of superconducting diode effect

Author

Listed:
  • Fuyuki Ando

    (Kyoto University)

  • Yuta Miyasaka

    (Kyoto University)

  • Tian Li

    (Kyoto University)

  • Jun Ishizuka

    (Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University)

  • Tomonori Arakawa

    (Osaka University
    Osaka University)

  • Yoichi Shiota

    (Kyoto University)

  • Takahiro Moriyama

    (Kyoto University)

  • Youichi Yanase

    (Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University)

  • Teruo Ono

    (Kyoto University
    Osaka University)

Abstract

Nonlinear optical and electrical effects associated with a lack of spatial inversion symmetry allow direction-selective propagation and transport of quantum particles, such as photons1 and electrons2–9. The most common example of such nonreciprocal phenomena is a semiconductor diode with a p–n junction, with a low resistance in one direction and a high resistance in the other. Although the diode effect forms the basis of numerous electronic components, such as rectifiers, alternating–direct-current converters and photodetectors, it introduces an inevitable energy loss due to the finite resistance. Therefore, a worthwhile goal is to realize a superconducting diode that has zero resistance in only one direction. Here we demonstrate a magnetically controllable superconducting diode in an artificial superlattice [Nb/V/Ta]n without a centre of inversion. The nonreciprocal resistance versus current curve at the superconducting-to-normal transition was clearly observed by a direct-current measurement, and the difference of the critical current is considered to be related to the magnetochiral anisotropy caused by breaking of the spatial-inversion and time-reversal symmetries10–13. Owing to the nonreciprocal critical current, the [Nb/V/Ta]n superlattice exhibits zero resistance in only one direction. This superconducting diode effect enables phase-coherent and direction-selective charge transport, paving the way for the construction of non-dissipative electronic circuits.

Suggested Citation

  • Fuyuki Ando & Yuta Miyasaka & Tian Li & Jun Ishizuka & Tomonori Arakawa & Yoichi Shiota & Takahiro Moriyama & Youichi Yanase & Teruo Ono, 2020. "Observation of superconducting diode effect," Nature, Nature, vol. 584(7821), pages 373-376, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:584:y:2020:i:7821:d:10.1038_s41586-020-2590-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2590-4
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    1. S. Reinhardt & T. Ascherl & A. Costa & J. Berger & S. Gronin & G. C. Gardner & T. Lindemann & M. J. Manfra & J. Fabian & D. Kochan & C. Strunk & N. Paradiso, 2024. "Link between supercurrent diode and anomalous Josephson effect revealed by gate-controlled interferometry," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Alon Gutfreund & Hisakazu Matsuki & Vadim Plastovets & Avia Noah & Laura Gorzawski & Nofar Fridman & Guang Yang & Alexander Buzdin & Oded Millo & Jason W. A. Robinson & Yonathan Anahory, 2023. "Direct observation of a superconducting vortex diode," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Ananthesh Sundaresh & Jukka I. Väyrynen & Yuli Lyanda-Geller & Leonid P. Rokhinson, 2023. "Diamagnetic mechanism of critical current non-reciprocity in multilayered superconductors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. J. Díez-Mérida & A. Díez-Carlón & S. Y. Yang & Y.-M. Xie & X.-J. Gao & J. Senior & K. Watanabe & T. Taniguchi & X. Lu & A. P. Higginbotham & K. T. Law & Dmitri K. Efetov, 2023. "Symmetry-broken Josephson junctions and superconducting diodes in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. E. Strambini & M. Spies & N. Ligato & S. Ilić & M. Rouco & Carmen González-Orellana & Maxim Ilyn & Celia Rogero & F. S. Bergeret & J. S. Moodera & P. Virtanen & T. T. Heikkilä & F. Giazotto, 2022. "Superconducting spintronic tunnel diode," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    6. Jae-Keun Kim & Kun-Rok Jeon & Pranava K. Sivakumar & Jaechun Jeon & Chris Koerner & Georg Woltersdorf & Stuart S. P. Parkin, 2024. "Intrinsic supercurrent non-reciprocity coupled to the crystal structure of a van der Waals Josephson barrier," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    7. Fumiya Sekiguchi & Hideki Narita & Hideki Hirori & Teruo Ono & Yoshihiko Kanemitsu, 2024. "Anomalous behavior of critical current in a superconducting film triggered by DC plus terahertz current," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Marco Valentini & Oliver Sagi & Levon Baghumyan & Thijs Gijsel & Jason Jung & Stefano Calcaterra & Andrea Ballabio & Juan Aguilera Servin & Kushagra Aggarwal & Marian Janik & Thomas Adletzberger & Rub, 2024. "Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    9. Mohit Gupta & Gino V. Graziano & Mihir Pendharkar & Jason T. Dong & Connor P. Dempsey & Chris Palmstrøm & Vlad S. Pribiag, 2023. "Gate-tunable superconducting diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson device," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    10. Taras Golod & Vladimir M. Krasnov, 2022. "Demonstration of a superconducting diode-with-memory, operational at zero magnetic field with switchable nonreciprocity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    11. Gang Qiu & Hung-Yu Yang & Lunhui Hu & Huairuo Zhang & Chih-Yen Chen & Yanfeng Lyu & Christopher Eckberg & Peng Deng & Sergiy Krylyuk & Albert V. Davydov & Ruixing Zhang & Kang L. Wang, 2023. "Emergent ferromagnetism with superconductivity in Fe(Te,Se) van der Waals Josephson junctions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    12. Junlin Xiong & Jiao Xie & Bin Cheng & Yudi Dai & Xinyu Cui & Lizheng Wang & Zenglin Liu & Ji Zhou & Naizhou Wang & Xianghan Xu & Xianhui Chen & Sang-Wook Cheong & Shi-Jun Liang & Feng Miao, 2024. "Electrical switching of Ising-superconducting nonreciprocity for quantum neuronal transistor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    13. Lorenz Bauriedl & Christian Bäuml & Lorenz Fuchs & Christian Baumgartner & Nicolas Paulik & Jonas M. Bauer & Kai-Qiang Lin & John M. Lupton & Takashi Taniguchi & Kenji Watanabe & Christoph Strunk & Ni, 2022. "Supercurrent diode effect and magnetochiral anisotropy in few-layer NbSe2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    14. T. Asaba & M. Naritsuka & H. Asaeda & Y. Kosuge & S. Ikemori & S. Suetsugu & Y. Kasahara & Y. Kohsaka & T. Terashima & A. Daido & Y. Yanase & Y. Matsuda, 2024. "Evidence for a finite-momentum Cooper pair in tricolor d-wave superconducting superlattices," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    15. Yuki M. Itahashi & Toshiya Ideue & Shintaro Hoshino & Chihiro Goto & Hiromasa Namiki & Takao Sasagawa & Yoshihiro Iwasa, 2022. "Giant second harmonic transport under time-reversal symmetry in a trigonal superconductor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    16. James Jun He & Yukio Tanaka & Naoto Nagaosa, 2023. "The supercurrent diode effect and nonreciprocal paraconductivity due to the chiral structure of nanotubes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-6, December.
    17. Zhaowei Zhang & Naizhou Wang & Ning Cao & Aifeng Wang & Xiaoyuan Zhou & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Binghai Yan & Wei-bo Gao, 2022. "Controlled large non-reciprocal charge transport in an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-6, December.

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