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Engineering interfacial sulfur migration in transition-metal sulfide enables low overpotential for durable hydrogen evolution in seawater

Author

Listed:
  • Min Li

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Hong Li

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Hefei Fan

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Qianfeng Liu

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Zhao Yan

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Aiqin Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Bing Yang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Erdong Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

Hydrogen production from seawater remains challenging due to the deactivation of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrode under high current density. To overcome the activity-stability trade-offs in transition-metal sulfides, we propose a strategy to engineer sulfur migration by constructing a nickel-cobalt sulfides heterostructure with nitrogen-doped carbon shell encapsulation (CN@NiCoS) electrocatalyst. State-of-the-art ex situ/in situ characterizations and density functional theory calculations reveal the restructuring of the CN@NiCoS interface, clearly identifying dynamic sulfur migration. The NiCoS heterostructure stimulates sulfur migration by creating sulfur vacancies at the Ni3S2-Co9S8 heterointerface, while the migrated sulfur atoms are subsequently captured by the CN shell via strong C-S bond, preventing sulfide dissolution into alkaline electrolyte. Remarkably, the dynamically formed sulfur-doped CN shell and sulfur vacancies pairing sites significantly enhances HER activity by altering the d-band center near Fermi level, resulting in a low overpotential of 4.6 and 8 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline freshwater and seawater media, and long-term stability up to 1000 h. This work thus provides a guidance for the design of high-performance HER electrocatalyst by engineering interfacial atomic migration.

Suggested Citation

  • Min Li & Hong Li & Hefei Fan & Qianfeng Liu & Zhao Yan & Aiqin Wang & Bing Yang & Erdong Wang, 2024. "Engineering interfacial sulfur migration in transition-metal sulfide enables low overpotential for durable hydrogen evolution in seawater," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-50535-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50535-2
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