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Ultra-resilient multi-layer fluorinated diamond like carbon hydrophobic surfaces

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Jahidul Hoque

    (University of Illinois)

  • Longnan Li

    (University of Illinois
    Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Jingcheng Ma

    (University of Illinois)

  • Hyeongyun Cha

    (University of Illinois
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Soumyadip Sett

    (University of Illinois)

  • Xiao Yan

    (University of Illinois)

  • Kazi Fazle Rabbi

    (University of Illinois)

  • Jin Yao Ho

    (University of Illinois)

  • Siavash Khodakarami

    (University of Illinois)

  • Jason Suwala

    (Oerlikon Balzers Coating)

  • Wentao Yang

    (University of Illinois)

  • Omid Mohammadmoradi

    (Sabanci University)

  • Gozde Ozaydin Ince

    (Sabanci University
    Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center)

  • Nenad Miljkovic

    (University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    Kyushu University)

Abstract

Seventy percent of global electricity is generated by steam-cycle power plants. A hydrophobic condenser surface within these plants could boost overall cycle efficiency by 2%. In 2022, this enhancement equates to an additional electrical power generation of 1000 TWh annually, or 83% of the global solar electricity production. Furthermore, this efficiency increase reduces CO2 emissions by 460 million tons /year with a decreased use of 2 trillion gallons of cooling water per year. However, the main challenge with hydrophobic surfaces is their poor durability. Here, we show that solid microscale-thick fluorinated diamond-like carbon (F-DLC) possesses mechanical and thermal properties that ensure durability in moist, abrasive, and thermally harsh conditions. The F-DLC coating achieves this without relying on atmospheric interactions, infused lubricants, self-healing strategies, or sacrificial surface designs. Through tailored substrate adhesion and multilayer deposition, we develop a pinhole-free F-DLC coating with low surface energy and comparable Young’s modulus to metals. In a three-year steam condensation experiment, the F-DLC coating maintains hydrophobicity, resulting in sustained and improved dropwise condensation on multiple metallic substrates. Our findings provide a promising solution to hydrophobic material fragility and can enhance the sustainability of renewable and non-renewable energy sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Jahidul Hoque & Longnan Li & Jingcheng Ma & Hyeongyun Cha & Soumyadip Sett & Xiao Yan & Kazi Fazle Rabbi & Jin Yao Ho & Siavash Khodakarami & Jason Suwala & Wentao Yang & Omid Mohammadmoradi , 2023. "Ultra-resilient multi-layer fluorinated diamond like carbon hydrophobic surfaces," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40229-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40229-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dehui Wang & Qiangqiang Sun & Matti J. Hokkanen & Chenglin Zhang & Fan-Yen Lin & Qiang Liu & Shun-Peng Zhu & Tianfeng Zhou & Qing Chang & Bo He & Quan Zhou & Longquan Chen & Zuankai Wang & Robin H. A., 2020. "Design of robust superhydrophobic surfaces," Nature, Nature, vol. 582(7810), pages 55-59, June.
    2. Jingcheng Ma & Laura E. Porath & Md Farhadul Haque & Soumyadip Sett & Kazi Fazle Rabbi & SungWoo Nam & Nenad Miljkovic & Christopher M. Evans, 2021. "Ultra-thin self-healing vitrimer coatings for durable hydrophobicity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-10, December.
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