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Sub-1 Volt and high-bandwidth visible to near-infrared electro-optic modulators

Author

Listed:
  • Dylan Renaud

    (Harvard University)

  • Daniel Rimoli Assumpcao

    (Harvard University)

  • Graham Joe

    (Harvard University)

  • Amirhassan Shams-Ansari

    (Harvard University)

  • Di Zhu

    (Harvard University
    Technology and Research (A*STAR))

  • Yaowen Hu

    (Harvard University
    Harvard University)

  • Neil Sinclair

    (Harvard University
    California Institute of Technology)

  • Marko Loncar

    (Harvard University)

Abstract

Integrated electro-optic (EO) modulators are fundamental photonics components with utility in domains ranging from digital communications to quantum information processing. At telecommunication wavelengths, thin-film lithium niobate modulators exhibit state-of-the-art performance in voltage-length product (VπL), optical loss, and EO bandwidth. However, applications in optical imaging, optogenetics, and quantum science generally require devices operating in the visible-to-near-infrared (VNIR) wavelength range. Here, we realize VNIR amplitude and phase modulators featuring VπL’s of sub-1 V ⋅ cm, low optical loss, and high bandwidth EO response. Our Mach-Zehnder modulators exhibit a VπL as low as 0.55 V ⋅ cm at 738 nm, on-chip optical loss of ~0.7 dB/cm, and EO bandwidths in excess of 35 GHz. Furthermore, we highlight the opportunities these high-performance modulators offer by demonstrating integrated EO frequency combs operating at VNIR wavelengths, with over 50 lines and tunable spacing, and frequency shifting of pulsed light beyond its intrinsic bandwidth (up to 7x Fourier limit) by an EO shearing method.

Suggested Citation

  • Dylan Renaud & Daniel Rimoli Assumpcao & Graham Joe & Amirhassan Shams-Ansari & Di Zhu & Yaowen Hu & Neil Sinclair & Marko Loncar, 2023. "Sub-1 Volt and high-bandwidth visible to near-infrared electro-optic modulators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-36870-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36870-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ehsan Ordouie & Tianwei Jiang & Tingyi Zhou & Farzaneh A. Juneghani & Mahdi Eshaghi & Milad G. Vazimali & Sasan Fathpour & Bahram Jalali, 2023. "Differential phase-diversity electrooptic modulator for cancellation of fiber dispersion and laser noise," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Daniel Assumpcao & Dylan Renaud & Aida Baradari & Beibei Zeng & Chawina De-Eknamkul & C. J. Xin & Amirhassan Shams-Ansari & David Barton & Bartholomeus Machielse & Marko Loncar, 2024. "A thin film lithium niobate near-infrared platform for multiplexing quantum nodes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Ian Christen & Thomas Propson & Madison Sutula & Hamed Sattari & Gregory Choong & Christopher Panuski & Alexander Melville & Justin Mallek & Cole Brabec & Scott Hamilton & P. Benjamin Dixon & Adrian J, 2025. "An integrated photonic engine for programmable atomic control," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-15, December.

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