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Mechanistic basis for maintenance of CHG DNA methylation in plants

Author

Listed:
  • Jian Fang

    (University of California)

  • Jianjun Jiang

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison
    University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Sarah M. Leichter

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison
    University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Jie Liu

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Mahamaya Biswal

    (University of California)

  • Nelli Khudaverdyan

    (University of California)

  • Xuehua Zhong

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison
    University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Jikui Song

    (University of California)

Abstract

DNA methylation is an evolutionarily conserved epigenetic mechanism essential for transposon silencing and heterochromatin assembly. In plants, DNA methylation widely occurs in the CG, CHG, and CHH (H = A, C, or T) contexts, with the maintenance of CHG methylation mediated by CMT3 chromomethylase. However, how CMT3 interacts with the chromatin environment for faithful maintenance of CHG methylation is unclear. Here we report structure-function characterization of the H3K9me2-directed maintenance of CHG methylation by CMT3 and its Zea mays ortholog ZMET2. Base-specific interactions and DNA deformation coordinately underpin the substrate specificity of CMT3 and ZMET2, while a bivalent readout of H3K9me2 and H3K18 allosterically stimulates substrate binding. Disruption of the interaction with DNA or H3K9me2/H3K18 led to loss of CMT3/ZMET2 activity in vitro and impairment of genome-wide CHG methylation in vivo. Together, our study uncovers how the intricate interplay of CMT3, repressive histone marks, and DNA sequence mediates heterochromatic CHG methylation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jian Fang & Jianjun Jiang & Sarah M. Leichter & Jie Liu & Mahamaya Biswal & Nelli Khudaverdyan & Xuehua Zhong & Jikui Song, 2022. "Mechanistic basis for maintenance of CHG DNA methylation in plants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-31627-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31627-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jie Liu & Xuehua Zhong, 2024. "Epiallelic variation of non-coding RNA genes and their phenotypic consequences," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Zengyu Shao & Jiuwei Lu & Nelli Khudaverdyan & Jikui Song, 2024. "Multi-layered heterochromatin interaction as a switch for DIM2-mediated DNA methylation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.

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