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Genome-wide signatures of synergistic epistasis during parallel adaptation in a Baltic Sea copepod

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  • David B. Stern

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison
    National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center (NBACC), Operated by Battelle National Biodefense Institute (BNBI) for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate)

  • Nathan W. Anderson

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Juanita A. Diaz

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Carol Eunmi Lee

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

Abstract

The role of epistasis in driving adaptation has remained an unresolved problem dating back to the Evolutionary Synthesis. In particular, whether epistatic interactions among genes could promote parallel evolution remains unexplored. To address this problem, we employ an Evolve and Resequence (E&R) experiment, using the copepod Eurytemora affinis, to elucidate the evolutionary genomic response to rapid salinity decline. Rapid declines in coastal salinity at high latitudes are a predicted consequence of global climate change. Based on time-resolved pooled whole-genome sequencing, we uncover a remarkably parallel, polygenic response across ten replicate selection lines, with 79.4% of selected alleles shared between lines by the tenth generation of natural selection. Using extensive computer simulations of our experiment conditions, we find that this polygenic parallelism is consistent with positive synergistic epistasis among alleles, far more so than other mechanisms tested. Our study provides experimental and theoretical support for a novel mechanism promoting repeatable polygenic adaptation, a phenomenon that may be common for selection on complex physiological traits.

Suggested Citation

  • David B. Stern & Nathan W. Anderson & Juanita A. Diaz & Carol Eunmi Lee, 2022. "Genome-wide signatures of synergistic epistasis during parallel adaptation in a Baltic Sea copepod," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-31622-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31622-8
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