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Organic electrochemical neurons and synapses with ion mediated spiking

Author

Listed:
  • Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh

    (Linköping University)

  • Chi-Yuan Yang

    (Linköping University)

  • Deyu Tu

    (Linköping University)

  • Jennifer Y. Gerasimov

    (Linköping University)

  • Abdul Manan Dar

    (Linköping University)

  • Adam Armada-Moreira

    (Linköping University)

  • Matteo Massetti

    (Linköping University)

  • Renee Kroon

    (Linköping University)

  • David Bliman

    (University of Gothenburg)

  • Roger Olsson

    (University of Gothenburg
    Lund University)

  • Eleni Stavrinidou

    (Linköping University
    Linköping University)

  • Magnus Berggren

    (Linköping University
    Linköping University
    n-Ink AB)

  • Simone Fabiano

    (Linköping University
    Linköping University
    n-Ink AB)

Abstract

Future brain-machine interfaces, prosthetics, and intelligent soft robotics will require integrating artificial neuromorphic devices with biological systems. Due to their poor biocompatibility, circuit complexity, low energy efficiency, and operating principles fundamentally different from the ion signal modulation of biology, traditional Silicon-based neuromorphic implementations have limited bio-integration potential. Here, we report the first organic electrochemical neurons (OECNs) with ion-modulated spiking, based on all-printed complementary organic electrochemical transistors. We demonstrate facile bio-integration of OECNs with Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) to induce lobe closure upon input stimuli. The OECNs can also be integrated with all-printed organic electrochemical synapses (OECSs), exhibiting short-term plasticity with paired-pulse facilitation and long-term plasticity with retention >1000 s, facilitating Hebbian learning. These soft and flexible OECNs operate below 0.6 V and respond to multiple stimuli, defining a new vista for localized artificial neuronal systems possible to integrate with bio-signaling systems of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates.

Suggested Citation

  • Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh & Chi-Yuan Yang & Deyu Tu & Jennifer Y. Gerasimov & Abdul Manan Dar & Adam Armada-Moreira & Matteo Massetti & Renee Kroon & David Bliman & Roger Olsson & Eleni Stavrinidou, 2022. "Organic electrochemical neurons and synapses with ion mediated spiking," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28483-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28483-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Imke Krauhausen & Sophie Griggs & Iain McCulloch & Jaap M. J. Toonder & Paschalis Gkoupidenis & Yoeri Burgt, 2024. "Bio-inspired multimodal learning with organic neuromorphic electronics for behavioral conditioning in robotics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Yuanyuan Yang & Yajing Shen, 2024. "A liquid metal-based module emulating the intelligent preying logic of flytrap," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. Giovanni Maria Matrone & Eveline R. W. Doremaele & Abhijith Surendran & Zachary Laswick & Sophie Griggs & Gang Ye & Iain McCulloch & Francesca Santoro & Jonathan Rivnay & Yoeri Burgt, 2024. "A modular organic neuromorphic spiking circuit for retina-inspired sensory coding and neurotransmitter-mediated neural pathways," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Pietro Belleri & Judith Pons i Tarrés & Iain McCulloch & Paul W. M. Blom & Zsolt M. Kovács-Vajna & Paschalis Gkoupidenis & Fabrizio Torricelli, 2024. "Unravelling the operation of organic artificial neurons for neuromorphic bioelectronics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    6. Zachary Laswick & Xihu Wu & Abhijith Surendran & Zhongliang Zhou & Xudong Ji & Giovanni Maria Matrone & Wei Lin Leong & Jonathan Rivnay, 2024. "Tunable anti-ambipolar vertical bilayer organic electrochemical transistor enable neuromorphic retinal pathway," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Tiefeng Liu & Johanna Heimonen & Qilun Zhang & Chi-Yuan Yang & Jun-Da Huang & Han-Yan Wu & Marc-Antoine Stoeckel & Tom P. A. Pol & Yuxuan Li & Sang Young Jeong & Adam Marks & Xin-Yi Wang & Yuttapoom P, 2023. "Ground-state electron transfer in all-polymer donor:acceptor blends enables aqueous processing of water-insoluble conjugated polymers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    8. Shuai Chen & Zhongliang Zhou & Kunqi Hou & Xihu Wu & Qiang He & Cindy G. Tang & Ting Li & Xiujuan Zhang & Jiansheng Jie & Zhiyi Gao & Nripan Mathews & Wei Lin Leong, 2024. "Artificial organic afferent nerves enable closed-loop tactile feedback for intelligent robot," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.

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