IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i5p3986-d1076811.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Wind Energy Conversions, Controls, and Applications: A Review for Sustainable Technologies and Directions

Author

Listed:
  • M. A. Hannan

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, COE, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia)

  • Ali Q. Al-Shetwi

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk 47721, Saudi Arabia)

  • M. S. Mollik

    (Department of Mechatronics Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia)

  • Pin Jern Ker

    (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia)

  • M. Mannan

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, COE, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia)

  • M. Mansor

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, COE, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia)

  • Hussein M. K. Al-Masri

    (Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan)

  • T. M. Indra Mahlia

    (Centre of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia)

Abstract

The use of renewable energy techniques is becoming increasingly popular because of rising demand and the threat of negative carbon footprints. Wind power offers a great deal of untapped potential as an alternative source of energy. The rising demand for wind energy typically results in the generation of high-quality output electricity through grid integration. More sophisticated contemporary generators, power converters, energy management, and controllers have been recently developed to integrate wind turbines into the electricity system. However, a comprehensive review of the role of converters in the wind system’s power conversion, control, and application toward sustainable development is not thoroughly investigated. Thus, this paper proposes a comprehensive review of the impact of converters on wind energy conversion with its operation, control, and recent challenges. The converters’ impact on the integration and control of wind turbines was highlighted. Moreover, the conversion and implementation of the control of the wind energy power system have been analyzed in detail. Also, the recently advanced converters applications for wind energy conversion were presented. Finally, recommendations for future converters use in wind energy conversions were highlighted for efficient, stable, and sustainable wind power. This rigorous study will lead academic researchers and industry partners toward the development of optimal wind power technologies with improved efficiency, operation, and costs.

Suggested Citation

  • M. A. Hannan & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & M. S. Mollik & Pin Jern Ker & M. Mannan & M. Mansor & Hussein M. K. Al-Masri & T. M. Indra Mahlia, 2023. "Wind Energy Conversions, Controls, and Applications: A Review for Sustainable Technologies and Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-30, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:3986-:d:1076811
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/3986/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/5/3986/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jabbari Asl, Hamed & Yoon, Jungwon, 2016. "Power capture optimization of variable-speed wind turbines using an output feedback controller," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 517-525.
    2. Hannan, M.A. & Lipu, M.S. Hossain & Ker, Pin Jern & Begum, R.A. & Agelidis, Vasilios G. & Blaabjerg, F., 2019. "Power electronics contribution to renewable energy conversion addressing emission reduction: Applications, issues, and recommendations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Liu, W.Y., 2017. "A review on wind turbine noise mechanism and de-noising techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 311-320.
    4. Artigao, Estefania & Martín-Martínez, Sergio & Honrubia-Escribano, Andrés & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio, 2018. "Wind turbine reliability: A comprehensive review towards effective condition monitoring development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1569-1583.
    5. Zhang, Guozhou & Hu, Weihao & Cao, Di & Huang, Qi & Chen, Zhe & Blaabjerg, Frede, 2021. "A novel deep reinforcement learning enabled sparsity promoting adaptive control method to improve the stability of power systems with wind energy penetration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 363-376.
    6. Assareh, Ehsanolah & Biglari, Mojtaba, 2015. "A novel approach to capture the maximum power from variable speed wind turbines using PI controller, RBF neural network and GSA evolutionary algorithm," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1023-1037.
    7. Belmokhtar, K. & Doumbia, M.L. & Agbossou, K., 2014. "Novel fuzzy logic based sensorless maximum power point tracking strategy for wind turbine systems driven DFIG (doubly-fed induction generator)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 679-693.
    8. Mousavi, Yashar & Bevan, Geraint & Kucukdemiral, Ibrahim Beklan & Fekih, Afef, 2022. "Sliding mode control of wind energy conversion systems: Trends and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    9. Yin, Xiu-xing & Lin, Yong-gang & Li, Wei & Gu, Ya-jing & Liu, Hong-wei & Lei, Peng-fei, 2015. "A novel fuzzy integral sliding mode current control strategy for maximizing wind power extraction and eliminating voltage harmonics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 677-686.
    10. Sanaz Sabzevari & Rasool Heydari & Maryam Mohiti & Mehdi Savaghebi & Jose Rodriguez, 2021. "Model-Free Neural Network-Based Predictive Control for Robust Operation of Power Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-12, April.
    11. Willis, D.J. & Niezrecki, C. & Kuchma, D. & Hines, E. & Arwade, S.R. & Barthelmie, R.J. & DiPaola, M. & Drane, P.J. & Hansen, C.J. & Inalpolat, M. & Mack, J.H. & Myers, A.T. & Rotea, M., 2018. "Wind energy research: State-of-the-art and future research directions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 133-154.
    12. Xiangwu Yan & Xuewei Sun, 2020. "Inertia and Droop Frequency Control Strategy of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Based on Rotor Kinetic Energy and Supercapacitor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-19, July.
    13. Zuo, Haoran & Bi, Kaiming & Hao, Hong, 2020. "A state-of-the-art review on the vibration mitigation of wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    14. Lin, Whei-Min & Hong, Chih-Ming, 2010. "Intelligent approach to maximum power point tracking control strategy for variable-speed wind turbine generation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 2440-2447.
    15. Baroudi, Jamal A. & Dinavahi, Venkata & Knight, Andrew M., 2007. "A review of power converter topologies for wind generators," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(14), pages 2369-2385.
    16. Hand, Brian & Kelly, Ger & Cashman, Andrew, 2021. "Aerodynamic design and performance parameters of a lift-type vertical axis wind turbine: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    17. Xiangwu Yan & Linlin Yang & Tiecheng Li, 2021. "The LVRT Control Scheme for PMSG-Based Wind Turbine Generator Based on the Coordinated Control of Rotor Overspeed and Supercapacitor Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-22, January.
    18. Ren, Zhengru & Verma, Amrit Shankar & Li, Ye & Teuwen, Julie J.E. & Jiang, Zhiyu, 2021. "Offshore wind turbine operations and maintenance: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    19. Moradi, Hamed & Vossoughi, Gholamreza, 2015. "Robust control of the variable speed wind turbines in the presence of uncertainties: A comparison between H∞ and PID controllers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1508-1521.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Awais Karni & Omid Beik & Mahzad Gholamian & Mahdi Homaeinezhad & Muhammad Owais Manzoor, 2024. "Multilevel Middle Point Clamped (MMPC) Converter for DC Wind Power Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Kamil Szostek & Damian Mazur & Grzegorz Drałus & Jacek Kusznier, 2024. "Analysis of the Effectiveness of ARIMA, SARIMA, and SVR Models in Time Series Forecasting: A Case Study of Wind Farm Energy Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Busiswe Skosana & Mukwanga W. Siti & Nsilulu T. Mbungu & Sonu Kumar & Willy Mulumba, 2023. "An Evaluation of Potential Strategies in Renewable Energy Systems and Their Importance for South Africa—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-27, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tiwari, Ramji & Babu, N. Ramesh, 2016. "Recent developments of control strategies for wind energy conversion system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 268-285.
    2. Karabacak, Murat, 2019. "A new perturb and observe based higher order sliding mode MPPT control of wind turbines eliminating the rotor inertial effect," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 807-827.
    3. Shrabani Sahu & Sasmita Behera, 2022. "A review on modern control applications in wind energy conversion system," Energy & Environment, , vol. 33(2), pages 223-262, March.
    4. Mousavi, Yashar & Bevan, Geraint & Kucukdemiral, Ibrahim Beklan & Fekih, Afef, 2022. "Sliding mode control of wind energy conversion systems: Trends and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    5. Belkacem Belabbas & Tayeb Allaoui & Mohamed Tadjine & Mouloud Denai, 2019. "Comparative study of back-stepping controller and super twisting sliding mode controller for indirect power control of wind generator," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 10(6), pages 1555-1566, December.
    6. Dixon, Christopher & Reynolds, Steve & Rodley, David, 2016. "Micro/small wind turbine power control for electrolysis applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 182-192.
    7. Zhicheng Lin & Song Zheng & Zhicheng Chen & Rong Zheng & Wang Zhang, 2019. "Application Research of the Parallel System Theory and the Data Engine Approach in Wind Energy Conversion System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
    8. Dai, Juchuan & Liu, Deshun & Wen, Li & Long, Xin, 2016. "Research on power coefficient of wind turbines based on SCADA data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 206-215.
    9. Dargahi, Vahid & Sadigh, Arash Khoshkbar & Pahlavani, Mohammad Reza Alizadeh & Shoulaie, Abbas, 2012. "DC (direct current) voltage source reduction in stacked multicell converter based energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 649-663.
    10. Song, Dongran & Yang, Jian & Dong, Mi & Joo, Young Hoon, 2017. "Model predictive control with finite control set for variable-speed wind turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 564-572.
    11. Mahela, Om Prakash & Shaik, Abdul Gafoor, 2016. "Comprehensive overview of grid interfaced wind energy generation systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 260-281.
    12. Junejo, Allah Rakhio & Gilal, Nauman Ullah & Doh, Jaehyeok, 2023. "Physics-informed optimization of robust control system to enhance power efficiency of renewable energy: Application to wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PB).
    13. Pustina, L. & Serafini, J. & Pasquali, C. & Solero, L. & Lidozzi, A. & Gennaretti, M., 2023. "A novel resonant controller for sea-induced rotor blade vibratory loads reduction on floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    14. López-Queija, Javier & Robles, Eider & Jugo, Josu & Alonso-Quesada, Santiago, 2022. "Review of control technologies for floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    15. Ren, Fukang & Wei, Ziqing & Zhai, Xiaoqiang, 2022. "A review on the integration and optimization of distributed energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    16. Maheshwari, Zeel & Kengne, Kamgang & Bhat, Omkar, 2023. "A comprehensive review on wind turbine emulators," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    17. Gu, Ya-jing & Yin, Xiu-xing & Liu, Hong-wei & Li, Wei & Lin, Yong-gang, 2015. "Fuzzy terminal sliding mode control for extracting maximum marine current energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 258-265.
    18. Alizadeh, Mojtaba & Kojori, Shokrollah Shokri, 2015. "Augmenting effectiveness of control loops of a PMSG (permanent magnet synchronous generator) based wind energy conversion system by a virtually adaptive PI (proportional integral) controller," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 610-629.
    19. Ramji Tiwari & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban & Ramesh Babu Neelakandan, 2017. "Coordinated Control Strategies for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Based Wind Energy Conversion System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, September.
    20. Abel Arredondo-Galeana & Feargal Brennan, 2021. "Floating Offshore Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: Opportunities, Challenges and Way Forward," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-24, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:3986-:d:1076811. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.