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Glycinebetaine-Induced Alteration in Gaseous Exchange Capacity and Osmoprotective Phenomena in Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Water Deficit Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Zanib Nazar

    (Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Nudrat Aisha Akram

    (Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Hamzah Saleem

    (MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

  • Muhammad Ashraf

    (Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan)

  • Shakeel Ahmed

    (Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile)

  • Shafaqat Ali

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
    Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan)

  • Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Several inorganic and organic compounds including glycine betaine (GB) are presently being used as an exogenous application to enhance tolerance in plants to different environmental stresses. The current study assessed to what extent exogenously applied GB could improve the gaseous exchange capacity and primary and secondary metabolites in two accessions (16178 and 16180) of safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) plants under drought stress. Three-week-old plants of both safflower accessions were subjected to well-watered (control) or water-deficit conditions (60% field capacity (FC)). Three levels of GB (control, 50 mM and 100 mM) were sprayed to the foliage of the control and stressed plants after one month of drought application. After two weeks of foliar application of GB, gas exchange characteristics and other biochemical parameters were determined. The results showed that water deficiency markedly suppressed plant biomass, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate ( A ), water use efficiency ( A / E ), stomatal conductance ( g s ) and relative water contents (RWC) of both accessions of safflower, while it enhanced the levels of osmolytes (GB and proline), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and total phenolics. Foliar application of GB was effective in enhancing the plant biomass, chlorophyll contents, g s , sub-stomatal CO 2 concentration ( C i ), C i /C a ratio, osmolytes, H 2 O 2 , ascorbic acid (AsA), total phenolics and RWC in safflower plants under water shortage. Thus, exogenous application of GB could be used as an effective strategy to improve plant growth, photosynthetic attributes and secondary metabolites in safflower plants under water deficit conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Zanib Nazar & Nudrat Aisha Akram & Muhammad Hamzah Saleem & Muhammad Ashraf & Shakeel Ahmed & Shafaqat Ali & Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli & Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni, 2020. "Glycinebetaine-Induced Alteration in Gaseous Exchange Capacity and Osmoprotective Phenomena in Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Water Deficit Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10649-:d:465228
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hussain, Mubshar & Farooq, Shahid & Hasan, Waseem & Ul-Allah, Sami & Tanveer, Mohsin & Farooq, Muhammad & Nawaz, Ahmad, 2018. "Drought stress in sunflower: Physiological effects and its management through breeding and agronomic alternatives," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 201(C), pages 152-166.
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    3. Muhammad Shoaib Rana & Parashuram Bhantana & Xue-cheng Sun & Muhammad Imran & Mohamed G. Moussa & Ali Mohamed Elyamine & Javaria Afzal & Imran Khan & Intisar Ud Din & Muhammad Younas & Muhammad Kamran, 2020. "Molybdenum as an Essential Element for Crops: An Overview," Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, Biomedical Research Network+, LLC, vol. 24(5), pages 18535-18547, January.
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    1. Muhammad Adeel Ghafar & Nudrat Aisha Akram & Muhammad Hamzah Saleem & Jianyong Wang & Leonard Wijaya & Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni, 2021. "Ecotypic Morphological and Physio-Biochemical Responses of Two Differentially Adapted Forage Grasses, Cenchrus ciliaris L. and Cyperus arenarius Retz. to Drought Stress," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-19, July.
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