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Literature Review on Human Resource Churning—Theoretical Framework, Costs and Proposed Solutions

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  • Olga Alexandra Chinita Pirrolas

    (Institute of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Pedro Miguel Alves Ribeiro Correia

    (Faculty of Law, University of Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal)

Abstract

As a result of the complexity and multiplicity of definitions of the concept of human resource churning, to guide this entire research, the cost resulting from replacements was taken as a premise. Although churning is related to turnover, there are differences, turnover has as its focus the turnover of workers and churning is also related to the same approach, but this concept has as its focus the costs associated with the replacements of workers derived from voluntary departures, i.e., churning is only related to the costs of hiring from replacements. Despite the complexity and multiplicity of definitions of the concept of churning, to guide the present research, we chose to adopt as our premise the costs resulting from the voluntary exits of workers, that is, the relationship between resulting costs associated with employee substitutions. The present investigation intended to identify the causes of churning through the identification of its main dimensions. This theoretical research resorted to the following methodology: a literature review and an empirical study review that approached the subject of the churning of human resources. The resulting outcome enabled us to identify how these dimensions had an influence on the management of human resources regarding the mitigation of the occurrence of churning and the application of strategic measures to retain workers. In this regard, we have identified as main dimensions the work environment; leadership; recognition; schedule flexibility; wage; career progression, responsibility, and retention of human resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Olga Alexandra Chinita Pirrolas & Pedro Miguel Alves Ribeiro Correia, 2022. "Literature Review on Human Resource Churning—Theoretical Framework, Costs and Proposed Solutions," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-15, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:11:y:2022:i:10:p:489-:d:948401
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Burgess, Simon & Lane, Julia & Stevens, David, 2000. "Job Flows, Worker Flows, and Churning," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 18(3), pages 473-502, July.
    2. Andrew Kerr, 2018. "Job Flows, Worker Flows and Churning in South Africa," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 86(S1), pages 141-166, January.
    3. Gazi Islam, 2012. "Recognition, Reification, and Practices of Forgetting: Ethical Implications of Human Resource Management," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 111(1), pages 37-48, November.
    4. Gazi Islam, 2012. "Recognition, Reification, and Practices of Forgetting: Ethical Implications of Human Resource Management," Grenoble Ecole de Management (Post-Print) hal-01232667, HAL.
    5. Andrew Kerr, 2018. "Job Flows, Worker Flows and Churning in South Africa," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 86(S1), pages 141-166, January.
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