IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v10y2022i18p3300-d912438.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of Fear on a Harvested Food Web System

Author

Listed:
  • Zainab Saeed Abbas

    (Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq)

  • Raid Kamel Naji

    (Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq)

Abstract

The food web is a crucial conceptual tool for understanding the dynamics of energy transfer in an ecosystem, as well as the feeding relationships among species within a community. It also reveals species interactions and community structure. As a result, an ecological food web system with two predators competing for prey while experiencing fear was developed and studied. The properties of the solution of the system were determined, and all potential equilibrium points were identified. The dynamic behavior in their immediate surroundings was examined both locally and globally. The system’s persistence demands were calculated, and all conceivable forms of local bifurcations were investigated. With the aid of MATLAB, a numerical simulation was used to clarify the control set of parameters and comprehend the overall dynamics. For the system to continue, it was determined that extremely high levels of either fear or harvesting lead to the extinction of one of the predator species. Moreover, in contrast to the ecological assumption that if two species are vying for the same resources, population values cannot be constant, this study showed that it is possible for two competing species to subsist on the same resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Zainab Saeed Abbas & Raid Kamel Naji, 2022. "Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of Fear on a Harvested Food Web System," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(18), pages 1-37, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:18:p:3300-:d:912438
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/18/3300/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/18/3300/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Érika Diz-Pita & M. Victoria Otero-Espinar, 2021. "Predator–Prey Models: A Review of Some Recent Advances," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(15), pages 1-34, July.
    2. Zhang, Huisen & Cai, Yongli & Fu, Shengmao & Wang, Weiming, 2019. "Impact of the fear effect in a prey-predator model incorporating a prey refuge," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 356(C), pages 328-337.
    3. Ahmed Sami Abdulghafour & Raid Kamel Naji, 2018. "A Study of a Diseased Prey-Predator Model with Refuge in Prey and Harvesting from Predator," Journal of Applied Mathematics, Hindawi, vol. 2018, pages 1-17, December.
    4. Huda Abdul Satar & Raid Kamel Naji, 2019. "Stability and Bifurcation of a Prey-Predator-Scavenger Model in the Existence of Toxicant and Harvesting," International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-17, March.
    5. Firas Hussean Maghool & Raid Kamel Naji, 2021. "The Dynamics of a Tritrophic Leslie-Gower Food-Web System with the Effect of Fear," Journal of Applied Mathematics, Hindawi, vol. 2021, pages 1-21, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sk Golam Mortoja & Prabir Panja & Shyamal Kumar Mondal, 2023. "Stability Analysis of Plankton–Fish Dynamics with Cannibalism Effect and Proportionate Harvesting on Fish," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-37, July.
    2. Hiba Abdullah Ibrahim & Raid Kamel Naji, 2023. "The Impact of Fear on a Harvested Prey–Predator System with Disease in a Prey," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-28, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hiba Abdullah Ibrahim & Raid Kamel Naji, 2023. "The Impact of Fear on a Harvested Prey–Predator System with Disease in a Prey," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Jialin Chen & Xiaqing He & Fengde Chen, 2021. "The Influence of Fear Effect to a Discrete-Time Predator-Prey System with Predator Has Other Food Resource," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Zhang, Baoxiang & Cai, Yongli & Wang, Bingxian & Wang, Weiming, 2019. "Pattern formation in a reaction–diffusion parasite–host model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 525(C), pages 732-740.
    4. Balcı, Ercan, 2023. "Predation fear and its carry-over effect in a fractional order prey–predator model with prey refuge," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 175(P1).
    5. Xiaoran Wang & Huimei Liu & Wencai Zhao, 2024. "A Predator–Prey System with a Modified Leslie–Gower and Prey Stage Structure Scheme in Deterministic and Stochastic Environments," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-26, July.
    6. Barman, Dipesh & Roy, Jyotirmoy & Alrabaiah, Hussam & Panja, Prabir & Mondal, Sankar Prasad & Alam, Shariful, 2021. "Impact of predator incited fear and prey refuge in a fractional order prey predator model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    7. Arjun Hasibuan & Asep Kuswandi Supriatna & Endang Rusyaman & Md. Haider Ali Biswas, 2023. "Predator–Prey Model Considering Implicit Marine Reserved Area and Linear Function of Critical Biomass Level," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-16, September.
    8. Das, Amartya & Samanta, G.P., 2020. "A prey–predator model with refuge for prey and additional food for predator in a fluctuating environment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 538(C).
    9. Chen Zhang & Xianyi Li, 2023. "Dynamics of a Discrete Leslie–Gower Model with Harvesting and Holling-II Functional Response," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-19, July.
    10. Liu, Qun & Jiang, Daqing & Hayat, Tasawar & Alsaedi, Ahmed & Ahmad, Bashir, 2020. "Stationary distribution of a stochastic cholera model between communities linked by migration," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 373(C).
    11. Han, Bingtao & Jiang, Daqing, 2022. "Stationary distribution, extinction and density function of a stochastic prey-predator system with general anti-predator behavior and fear effect," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    12. Das, Bijoy Kumar & Sahoo, Debgopal & Samanta, G.P., 2022. "Impact of fear in a delay-induced predator–prey system with intraspecific competition within predator species," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 134-156.
    13. Tiancai Liao & Hengguo Yu & Chuanjun Dai & Min Zhao, 2019. "Impact of Cell Size Effect on Nutrient-Phytoplankton Dynamics," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-23, November.
    14. Abdul Rahman Mahmoud Jamil & Raid Kamel Naji, 2022. "Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of Fear on the Harvested Modified Leslie–Gower Model Involving Nonlinear Prey Refuge," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(16), pages 1-22, August.
    15. Das, Meghadri & Samanta, G.P., 2020. "A delayed fractional order food chain model with fear effect and prey refuge," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 218-245.
    16. Kumbhakar, Ruma & Hossain, Mainul & Karmakar, Sarbari & Pal, Nikhil, 2024. "An investigation of the parameter space in a tri-trophic food chain model with refuge," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 37-59.
    17. Zhenglong Chen & Shunjie Li & Xuebing Zhang, 2022. "Analysis of a Delayed Reaction-Diffusion Predator–Prey System with Fear Effect and Anti-Predator Behaviour," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(18), pages 1-20, September.
    18. Mukherjee, Debasis, 2020. "Role of fear in predator–prey system with intraspecific competition," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 263-275.
    19. Sahu, S.R. & Raw, S.N., 2023. "Appearance of chaos and bi-stability in a fear induced delayed predator–prey system: A mathematical modeling study," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 175(P1).
    20. Yousef, Fatma Bozkurt & Yousef, Ali & Maji, Chandan, 2021. "Effects of fear in a fractional-order predator-prey system with predator density-dependent prey mortality," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:18:p:3300-:d:912438. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.