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Visualizing Parcel-Level Lead Risk Using an Exterior Housing-Based Index

Author

Listed:
  • Neal J. Wilson

    (Center for Economic Information, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 5120 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA)

  • Ryan Allenbrand

    (Environmental Health Program, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA)

  • Elizabeth Friedman

    (Environmental Health Program, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA)

  • Kevin Kennedy

    (Healthy Indoors Training and Consulting, LLC., Lawrence, KS 66044, USA)

  • Amy Roberts

    (Kansas City, Missouri Health Department, 2400 Troost Ave., Kansas City, MO 64106, USA)

  • Stephen Simon

    (Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2411 Holmes St, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA)

Abstract

Pediatric lead poisoning remains a persistent public health problem. Children in the US spend the preponderance of their time at home; thus, housing is an important social determinant of health. Improving health outcomes derived from housing-based sources involves differentiating the risks posed by the existing housing stock. In this paper, we developed a parcel-level lead risk index (LRI) based on external housing conditions and the year of home construction. The purpose of this study was to introduce a housing-based lead risk index (LRI), developed using retrospective data, to estimate parcel-by-parcel variation in housing-based lead risk. We described how the LRI is constructed, relate it to the likelihood of a pediatric occupant’s blood lead level (BLL) > 3.5 µg/dL using Lasso regression ( n = 6589), visualized this relationship graphically, and mapped the outcome. We found that mapping the LRI provided more information at a more precise geographic level than was possible using other public health surveillance methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Neal J. Wilson & Ryan Allenbrand & Elizabeth Friedman & Kevin Kennedy & Amy Roberts & Stephen Simon, 2024. "Visualizing Parcel-Level Lead Risk Using an Exterior Housing-Based Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2024:i:1:p:16-:d:1554949
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Hanna-Attisha, M. & LaChance, J. & Sadler, R.C. & Schnepp, A.C., 2016. "Elevated blood lead levels in children associated with the flint drinking water crisis: A spatial analysis of risk and public health response," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(2), pages 283-290.
    3. Mikyung Baek & Michael B. Outrich & Kierra S. Barnett & Jason Reece, 2021. "Neighborhood-Level Lead Paint Hazard for Children under 6: A Tool for Proactive and Equitable Intervention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-20, March.
    4. Needleman, H.L., 1998. "Childhood lead poisoning: The promise and abandonment of primary prevention," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 88(12), pages 1871-1877.
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    8. Meie Wang & Haizhen Zhang, 2018. "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Roadside Soil in Urban Area and the Related Impacting Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-11, May.
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