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Neighborhood-Level Lead Paint Hazard for Children under 6: A Tool for Proactive and Equitable Intervention

Author

Listed:
  • Mikyung Baek

    (Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA)

  • Michael B. Outrich

    (Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA)

  • Kierra S. Barnett

    (Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA)

  • Jason Reece

    (City & Regional Planning, Knowlton School of Architecture, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA)

Abstract

Lead is well known for its adverse health effects on children, particularly when exposure occurs at earlier ages. The primary source of lead hazards among young children is paint used in buildings built before 1978. Despite being 100% preventable, some children remain exposed and state and local policies often remain reactive. This study presents a methodology for planners and public health practitioners to proactively address lead risks among young children. Using geospatial analyses, this study examines neighborhood level measurement of lead paint hazard in homes and childcare facilities and the concentration of children aged 0–5. Results highlight areas of potential lead paint hazard hotspots within a county in the Midwestern state studied, which coincides with higher concentration of non-white children. This places lead paint hazard in the context of social determinants of health, where existing disparity in distribution of social and economic resources reinforces health inequity. In addition to being proactive, lead poisoning intervention efforts need to be multi-dimensional and coordinated among multiple parties involved. Identifying children in higher lead paint hazard areas, screening and treating them, and repairing their homes and childcare facilities will require close collaboration of healthcare professionals, local housing and planning authorities, and community members.

Suggested Citation

  • Mikyung Baek & Michael B. Outrich & Kierra S. Barnett & Jason Reece, 2021. "Neighborhood-Level Lead Paint Hazard for Children under 6: A Tool for Proactive and Equitable Intervention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2471-:d:509378
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mildred E. Warner & Xue Zhang, 2020. "Healthy Places for Children: The Critical Role of Engagement, Common Vision, and Collaboration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Spencer Banzhaf & Lala Ma & Christopher Timmins, 2019. "Environmental Justice: The Economics of Race, Place, and Pollution," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 33(1), pages 185-208, Winter.
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    4. Chinonso N. Ogojiaku & JC Allen & Rexford Anson-Dwamena & Kierra S. Barnett & Olorunfemi Adetona & Wansoo Im & Darryl B. Hood, 2020. "The Health Opportunity Index: Understanding the Input to Disparate Health Outcomes in Vulnerable and High-Risk Census Tracts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-17, August.
    5. Keddem, Shimrit & Barg, Frances K. & Glanz, Karen & Jackson, Tara & Green, Sarah & George, Maureen, 2015. "Mapping the urban asthma experience: Using qualitative GIS to understand contextual factors affecting asthma control," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 9-17.
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    Cited by:

    1. Neal J. Wilson & Ryan Allenbrand & Elizabeth Friedman & Kevin Kennedy & Amy Roberts & Stephen Simon, 2024. "Visualizing Parcel-Level Lead Risk Using an Exterior Housing-Based Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Xue Zhang & Mildred E. Warner, 2023. "Linking Urban Planning, Community Environment, and Physical Activity: A Socio-Ecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.

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