IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i19p10085-d643065.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparison of Cyberbullying before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea

Author

Listed:
  • So Young Shin

    (Department of Police Administration, Joongbu University, Geumsan 32713, Korea)

  • Yeon-Jun Choi

    (Department of Aviation Security Protection, Kwangju Women’s University, Gwangju 62396, Korea)

Abstract

Because of the implementation of social distancing measures following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face interaction has plummeted, which has resulted in the prolific use of social networking services (SNS) and increased activity in the cyberspace environment. This is especially true for teenagers and young adults with the shift to online classes in the education sector, which has increased the chances of being exposed to cyberbullying. This study attempts to determine a strategy for counteracting cyberbullying in the post-COVID-19 era by identifying the factors that have contributed toward greater aggression by adolescents in South Korea in 2020 when the spread of COVID-19 was at its height. To achieve this, we employed the Cyberbullying Circumstance Analysis dataset from the Korea Communications Commission for the time frame of between 2019 and 2020, with 4779 and 4958 participants, respectively. The causes and effects that led to cyberbullying were investigated using binary logistic regression analysis. By reviewing the research data targeted towards Korean adolescents, our analysis found that the average age of those who engage in cyberbullying decreased in 2020 compared to 2019. In addition, cyberbullying awareness at school and the school’s capability of controlling it influenced the number of cyberbullies from a statistical grounding, which could be found only in the 2020 dataset. An approach to establishing policies in schools to contain preemptive measures and increase cyberbullying awareness has been proposed to prevent such mishaps in the post-COVID-19 era.

Suggested Citation

  • So Young Shin & Yeon-Jun Choi, 2021. "Comparison of Cyberbullying before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-11, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10085-:d:643065
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/19/10085/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/19/10085/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rice, E. & Petering, R. & Rhoades, H. & Winetrobe, H. & Goldbach, J. & Plant, A. & Montoya, J. & Kordic, T., 2015. "Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among middle-school students," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(3), pages 66-72.
    2. Rafael Pichel & Mairéad Foody & James O’Higgins Norman & Sandra Feijóo & Jesús Varela & Antonio Rial, 2021. "Bullying, Cyberbullying and the Overlap: What Does Age Have to Do with It?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Schneider, S.K. & O'donnell, L. & Stueve, A. & Coulter, R.W.S., 2012. "Cyberbullying, school bullying, and psychological distress: A regional census of high school students," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(1), pages 171-177.
    4. Inmaculada Méndez & Ana Belén Jorquera & Cecilia Ruiz Esteban & José Manuel García-Fernández, 2020. "Profiles of Mobile Phone Use, Cyberbullying, and Emotional Intelligence in Adolescents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-10, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ying Guo & Hongyu Zhang & Yufei Xie & Xin Tian & Na Luo & Yan Zhang, 2022. "A Cross-Sectional Survey of National Chinese College Students’ Mental Status during COVID-19 Pandemic: Using a Compiled Stress Response Questionnaire," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Karla Dhungana Sainju & Huda Zaidi & Niti Mishra & Akosua Kuffour, 2022. "Xenophobic Bullying and COVID-19: An Exploration Using Big Data and Qualitative Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-19, April.
    3. Qiong Wang & Xiao Luo & Ruilin Tu & Tao Xiao & Wei Hu, 2022. "COVID-19 Information Overload and Cyber Aggression during the Pandemic Lockdown: The Mediating Role of Depression/Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Confucian Responsibility Thinking," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-16, January.
    4. Anna Sorrentino & Francesco Sulla & Margherita Santamato & Marco di Furia & Giusi Antonia Toto & Lucia Monacis, 2023. "Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Cyberbullying and Cybervictimization Prevalence among Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-20, May.
    5. Bárbara Machado & Paula Lobato de Faria & Isabel Araújo & Sónia Caridade, 2024. "Cyber Interpersonal Violence: Adolescent Perspectives and Digital Practices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(7), pages 1-22, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yeon-Jun Choi & So Young Shin & Julak Lee, 2022. "Change in Factors Affecting Cyberbullying of Korean Elementary School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-8, September.
    2. Elbedour, Salman & Alqahtani, Salihah & El Sheikh Rihan, Ibrahim & Bawalsah, Joseph A. & Booker-Ammah, Beverly & Turner, J. Fidel, 2020. "Cyberbullying: Roles of school psychologists and school counselors in addressing a pervasive social justice issue," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    3. Sung Seek Moon & Heeyoung Kim & Kristen Seay & Eusebius Small & Youn Kyoung Kim, 2016. "Ecological Factors of Being Bullied Among Adolescents: a Classification and Regression Tree Approach," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 9(3), pages 743-756, September.
    4. Niels C.L. Jacobs & Trijntje Völlink & Francine Dehue & Lilian Lechner, 2015. "The Development of a Self-Report Questionnaire on Coping with Cyberbullying: The Cyberbullying Coping Questionnaire," Societies, MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-32, May.
    5. Silvia Gabrielli & Silvia Rizzi & Sara Carbone & Enrico Maria Piras, 2021. "School Interventions for Bullying–Cyberbullying Prevention in Adolescents: Insights from the UPRIGHT and CREEP Projects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-13, November.
    6. Clarissa Cricenti & Alessandra Pizzo & Alessandro Quaglieri & Emanuela Mari & Pierluigi Cordellieri & Cristina Bonucchi & Patrizia Torretta & Anna Maria Giannini & Giulia Lausi, 2022. "Did They Deserve It? Adolescents’ Perception of Online Harassment in a Real-Case Scenario," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-14, December.
    7. Rachel Brydolf-Horwitz, 2022. "Embodied and entangled: Slow violence and harm via digital technologies," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 40(2), pages 391-408, March.
    8. Saleem, Sumera & Khan, Naurin Farooq & Zafar, Saad, 2021. "Prevalence of cyberbullying victimization among Pakistani Youth," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    9. Matteo Angelo Fabris & Claudio Longobardi & Rosalba Morese & Davide Marengo, 2022. "Exploring Multivariate Profiles of Psychological Distress and Empathy in Early Adolescent Victims, Bullies, and Bystanders Involved in Cyberbullying Episodes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-14, August.
    10. Sophie Evelyn & Elizabeth M. Clancy & Bianca Klettke & Ruth Tatnell, 2022. "A Phenomenological Investigation into Cyberbullying as Experienced by People Identifying as Transgender or Gender Diverse," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-13, May.
    11. Kyung Im Kang & Kyonghwa Kang & Chanhee Kim, 2021. "Risk Factors Influencing Cyberbullying Perpetration among Middle School Students in Korea: Analysis Using the Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-12, February.
    12. Linlin Xie & Qingchen Da & Jingyu Huang & Zhekuan Peng & Liping Li, 2023. "A Cross-Sectional Survey of Different Types of School Bullying before and during COVID-19 in Shantou City, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-11, January.
    13. Kabir Dasgupta, 2019. "Youth response to state cyberbullying laws," New Zealand Economic Papers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(2), pages 184-202, May.
    14. Jacek Pyżalski & Piotr Plichta & Anna Szuster & Julia Barlińska, 2022. "Cyberbullying Characteristics and Prevention—What Can We Learn from Narratives Provided by Adolescents and Their Teachers?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-26, September.
    15. Ana María Martínez-Martínez & Remedios López-Liria & José Manuel Aguilar-Parra & Rubén Trigueros & María José Morales-Gázquez & Patricia Rocamora-Pérez, 2020. "Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Cybervictimization, and Academic Performance in Secondary School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-12, October.
    16. Ann DeSmet & Maddalena Rodelli & Michel Walrave & Gwendolyn Portzky & Eva Dumon & Bart Soenens, 2021. "The Moderating Role of Parenting Dimensions in the Association between Traditional or Cyberbullying Victimization and Mental Health among Adolescents of Different Sexual Orientation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-18, March.
    17. Zhang, Anao & De Luca, Susan & Oh, Sehun & Liu, Chun & Song, Xiaocan, 2019. "The moderating effect of gender on the relationship between bullying victimization and adolescents' self-rated health: An exploratory study using the Fragile Families and Wellbeing Study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 155-162.
    18. Chien-Wen Lin & Kun-Hua Lee & Ray C. Hsiao & Wen-Jiun Chou & Cheng-Fang Yen, 2021. "Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Taiwan: Mediation of the Effects of Emotional Problems and ADHD a," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    19. Kim, Youn Kyoung & Yang, Mi-Youn & Barthelemy, Juan J. & Lofaso, Blaine M., 2018. "A binary gender analysis to bullying, dating violence, and attempted suicide: The disproportionate effect of depression and psychological harm," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 141-148.
    20. Yurdakul, Yeşim & Ayhan, Aynur Bütün, 2021. "Cyber victimization in adolescence: A qualitative study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10085-:d:643065. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.