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Bullying in Adolescents: Differences between Gender and School Year and Relationship with Academic Performance

Author

Listed:
  • Ana Isabel Obregon-Cuesta

    (Department of Mathematics and Computing, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain)

  • Luis Alberto Mínguez-Mínguez

    (Department of Education Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain)

  • Benito León-del-Barco

    (Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Santiago Mendo-Lázaro

    (Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Jessica Fernández-Solana

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain)

  • Jerónimo J. González-Bernal

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain)

  • Josefa González-Santos

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain)

Abstract

School bullying is a phenomenon of unjustified aggression in the school environment that is widespread throughout the world and with serious consequences for both the bully and the bullied. The objectives of this research were to analyze the differences between the different bullying categories by gender and academic year in primary and secondary education students, as well as their relationship with academic performance. To categorize students according to their bullying experiences, the European Bullying Intervention Project (EBIPQ) Questionnaire was used. The Chi-square test was used to compare the scores obtained by the students in the EBIPQ based on gender and academic year, and the one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze its relationship with academic performance. Research participants were 562 students from the 5th ( n = 228) and 6th ( n = 186) primary school years and the 1st ( n = 134) and 2nd ( n = 94) secondary school years. They were males (50.5%) and females (49.5%) ranging in ages from 10 to 15 years old (mean = 11.66, standard deviation = 1.206). The results showed statistically significant differences in gender and academic year, indicating a greater number of boys in the role of the bully/victim and girls in that of non-bully/non-victim. The most aggressive students were in the 2nd year of ESO (12–13 years old). Regarding academic performance, statistically significant differences were obtained that confirm the hypothesis that performance or average grade varies according to the category of bullying in which students find themselves. The academic performance of the non-bully/non-victim and those in the victim category was found to be higher than that of bullies and bully/victim students.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Isabel Obregon-Cuesta & Luis Alberto Mínguez-Mínguez & Benito León-del-Barco & Santiago Mendo-Lázaro & Jessica Fernández-Solana & Jerónimo J. González-Bernal & Josefa González-Santos, 2022. "Bullying in Adolescents: Differences between Gender and School Year and Relationship with Academic Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9301-:d:875570
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Francesc Sidera & Elisabet Serrat & Jordi Collell & Georgina Perpiñà & Robinson Ortiz & Carles Rostan, 2020. "Bullying in Primary School Children: The Relationship between Victimization and Perception of Being a Victim," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Huan Wang & Jingjing Tang & Sarah-Eve Dill & Jiusi Xiao & Matthew Boswell & Claire Cousineau & Scott Rozelle, 2022. "Bullying Victims in Rural Primary Schools: Prevalence, Correlates, and Consequences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-18, January.
    3. David Aparisi & Beatriz Delgado & Rosa M. Bo & María Carmen Martínez-Monteagudo, 2021. "Relationship between Cyberbullying, Motivation and Learning Strategies, Academic Performance, and the Ability to Adapt to University," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-12, October.
    4. Rafael Pichel & Mairéad Foody & James O’Higgins Norman & Sandra Feijóo & Jesús Varela & Antonio Rial, 2021. "Bullying, Cyberbullying and the Overlap: What Does Age Have to Do with It?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-11, July.
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