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Can Exercise Help Regulate Blood Pressure and Improve Functional Capacity of Older Women with Hypertension against the Deleterious Effects of Physical Inactivity?

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Leitão

    (Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal
    Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal)

  • Moacir Marocolo

    (Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de For a, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil)

  • Hiago L. R. de Souza

    (Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de For a, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil)

  • Rhai André Arriel

    (Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de For a, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil)

  • João Guilherme Vieira

    (Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de For a, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil)

  • Mauro Mazini

    (Graduate Program in Physical Education—Sudamerica Faculty, Cataguases 36774-552, Brazil)

  • Hugo Louro

    (Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal)

  • Ana Pereira

    (Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal
    Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal)

Abstract

Background: Sedentarism and inactivity are risk factors for the development of hypertension. Thus, the prevention of the natural process of biological and physiological aging of older women through physical exercise results in higher benefits in preventing cardiovascular diseases and can be a key factor for its treatment. Multicomponent exercise (METP) is a training method that may help older women with hypertension by improving their quality of life and their response to treatment. Methods: Twenty-eight older Caucasian women with hypertension (66.7 ± 5.3 years, 1.59 ± 0.11 m) performed a supervised METP program of nine months followed by three months of detraining (DT), and seventeen older women (68.2 ± 4.7 years, 1.57 ± 0.16 cm) with hypertension maintained their daily routine, without exercise. Blood pressure (BP), resting heart rate, and functional capacity (FC) were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the program, and after three months of DT. Results: The ME program improved ( p < 0.05) systolic BP (−5.37%), diastolic BP (−5.67%), resting heart rate (−7.8%), agility (9.8%), lower body strength (27.8%), upper body strength (10.0%), and cardiorespiratory capacity (8.6%). BP and FC deteriorated after the DT period ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Nine months of multicomponent exercise were sufficient to improve functional capacity and promote benefits in blood pressure, although was not sufficient to allow BP to reach the normal values of older women. The three month DT period without exercise caused the reversal of BP improvements but maintained the functional capacity of older women.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Leitão & Moacir Marocolo & Hiago L. R. de Souza & Rhai André Arriel & João Guilherme Vieira & Mauro Mazini & Hugo Louro & Ana Pereira, 2021. "Can Exercise Help Regulate Blood Pressure and Improve Functional Capacity of Older Women with Hypertension against the Deleterious Effects of Physical Inactivity?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-8, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9117-:d:624785
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luis Leitão & Ana Pereira & Mauro Mazini & Gabriela Venturini & Yuri Campos & João Vieira & Jefferson Novaes & Jeferson Vianna & Sandro da Silva & Hugo Louro, 2019. "Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-10, October.
    2. Paul B. Nolan & Shawn M. Keeling & Chantelle A. Robitaille & Christina A. Buchanan & Lance C. Dalleck, 2018. "The Effect of Detraining after a Period of Training on Cardiometabolic Health in Previously Sedentary Individuals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-11, October.
    3. Cristina Blasco-Lafarga & Ana Cordellat & Anabel Forte & Ainoa Roldán & Pablo Monteagudo, 2020. "Short and Long-Term Trainability in Older Adults: Training and Detraining Following Two Years of Multicomponent Cognitive—Physical Exercise Training," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
    4. Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo & Noelia González-Gálvez & Gemma María Gea-García & Abraham López-Vivancos & Alejandro Espeso-García & Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale, 2020. "Sarcopenia as a Mediator of the Effect of a Gerontogymnastics Program on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight and Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-15, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sneha Ravichandran & Suresh Sukumar & Baskaran Chandrasekaran & Rajagopal Kadavigere & Shivshankar K N & Hari Prakash Palaniswamy & Raghuraj Uppoor & Kayalvizhi Ravichandran & Meshari Almeshari & Yass, 2022. "Influence of Sedentary Behaviour Interventions on Vascular Functions and Cognitive Functions in Hypertensive Adults—A Scoping Review on Potential Mechanisms and Recommendations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Luis Leitão & Moacir Marocolo & Hiago L. R. de Souza & Rhai André Arriel & Yuri Campos & Mauro Mazini & Ricardo Pace Junior & Teresa Figueiredo & Hugo Louro & Ana Pereira, 2022. "Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-11, March.
    3. Luis Leitão & Gabriela R. O. Venturini & Ricardo Pace Junior & Estêvão Rios Monteiro & Luiz Guilherme Telles & Gleisson Araújo & Jefferson Novaes & Carlos Tavares & Sílvio Marques-Neto & Mauro Mazini, 2022. "Impact of Different Resistance Training Protocols on Balance, Quality of Life and Physical Activity Level of Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-9, September.

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