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Effect of Detraining on Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, Mental Health, and Body Composition in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury

Author

Listed:
  • Lucas Almada

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Lucas Santos

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Karla Freitas

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Joel Rodrigues

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Elizângela Diniz

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Mauro Mazini-Filho

    (Southeast Federal Institute of Minas Gerais, Cataguases Campus, Cataguases 36773-563, MG, Brazil)

  • Luís Leitão

    (Superior School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2914-504 Setubal, Portugal)

  • Eveline Pereira

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Cláudia Oliveira

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Osvaldo Moreira

    (Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Florestal Campus, Florestal 35690-000, MG, Brazil)

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a condition that significantly affects the quality of life (QoL) of individuals, causing motor, physiological, social, and psychological impairments. Physical exercise plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and functional capacity of these individuals, helping to minimize the negative impacts of SCI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of detraining (DT) (reduction or cessation of physical exercise) during the pandemic on five individuals with thoracic SCI. We assessed muscle strength using strength tests, functional capacity using a functional agility test, mental health using anxiety and depression inventories, and body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The results after 33 months of DT showed significant losses in functional agility and MS, as well as a worsening in symptoms of anxiety and depression. It was observed that total body mass and fat mass (FM) exhibited varied behaviors among the individuals. Similarly, the results for lean body mass were heterogeneous, with one participant showing significant deterioration. It is concluded that DT caused by the pandemic worsened the physical and mental condition of individuals with SCI, highlighting the importance of continuous exercise for this population and underscoring the need for individual assessments to fully understand the impacts of DT.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucas Almada & Lucas Santos & Karla Freitas & Joel Rodrigues & Elizângela Diniz & Mauro Mazini-Filho & Luís Leitão & Eveline Pereira & Cláudia Oliveira & Osvaldo Moreira, 2024. "Effect of Detraining on Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, Mental Health, and Body Composition in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(7), pages 1-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:7:p:900-:d:1432355
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tjasa Filipcic & Vedrana Sember & Maja Pajek & Janez Jerman, 2021. "Quality of Life and Physical Activity of Persons with Spinal Cord Injury," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Iván Chulvi-Medrano & Ewan Thomas & Elvira Padua, 2022. "Physical Exercise for Health and Performance Post-Pandemic COVID-19 Era, a Renewed Emphasis on Public Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-3, May.
    3. Luis Leitão & Moacir Marocolo & Hiago L. R. de Souza & Rhai André Arriel & Yuri Campos & Mauro Mazini & Ricardo Pace Junior & Teresa Figueiredo & Hugo Louro & Ana Pereira, 2022. "Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-11, March.
    4. Alfredo Córdova-Martínez & Alberto Caballero-García & Enrique Roche & Daniel Pérez-Valdecantos & David C. Noriega, 2022. "Effects and Causes of Detraining in Athletes Due to COVID-19: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-12, April.
    5. Cristina Blasco-Lafarga & Ana Cordellat & Anabel Forte & Ainoa Roldán & Pablo Monteagudo, 2020. "Short and Long-Term Trainability in Older Adults: Training and Detraining Following Two Years of Multicomponent Cognitive—Physical Exercise Training," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
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