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Sarcopenia as a Mediator of the Effect of a Gerontogymnastics Program on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight and Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

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  • Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo

    (Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
    Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Noelia González-Gálvez

    (Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
    Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Gemma María Gea-García

    (Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
    Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Abraham López-Vivancos

    (Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
    Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Alejandro Espeso-García

    (Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain)

  • Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale

    (Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Estacio de Sa University, 20261-063 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Abstract

The objectives were to analyze the effect of a gerontogymnastics program on functional ability and fitness on overweight and obese older woman and to understand if sarcopenia mediates its effect. This randomized controlled trial involved 216 overweight and obese women. The experimental group (EG) carried out 12 weeks of a gerontogymnastics program. The assessment was of gait speed, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, and muscle strength. EG showed significant improvements in almost every test. When the effect of training was adjusted by gait speed, the improvement of the 6 min walk test (MWT) for the trained group was no longer significant ( p = 0.127). The improvement of the 6 MWT was significantly and positively associated with the 10 m test ( β = −10.087). After including the 10-m test in the equations, the association between the 6MWT and carrying out the training program decreased but remained significant (β = −19.904). The mediation analysis showed a significant, direct and indirect effect with a significant Sobel test value ( z = 6.606 ± 7.733; p = 0.000). These results indicate that a gerontogymnastics program improves functional capacity and fitness; and the effect of a gerontogymnastics program on CRF is mediated by sarcopenia in older women who are overweight and obese.

Suggested Citation

  • Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo & Noelia González-Gálvez & Gemma María Gea-García & Abraham López-Vivancos & Alejandro Espeso-García & Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale, 2020. "Sarcopenia as a Mediator of the Effect of a Gerontogymnastics Program on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight and Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:7064-:d:420399
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Taesang Lee & Myeounggon Lee & Changhong Youm & Byungjoo Noh & Hwayoung Park, 2020. "Association between Gait Variability and Gait-Ability Decline in Elderly Women with Subthreshold Insomnia Stage," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
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    1. Luis Leitão & Moacir Marocolo & Hiago L. R. de Souza & Rhai André Arriel & João Guilherme Vieira & Mauro Mazini & Hugo Louro & Ana Pereira, 2021. "Can Exercise Help Regulate Blood Pressure and Improve Functional Capacity of Older Women with Hypertension against the Deleterious Effects of Physical Inactivity?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-8, August.
    2. Luis Leitão & Moacir Marocolo & Hiago L. R. de Souza & Rhai André Arriel & João Guilherme Vieira & Mauro Mazini & Teresa Figueiredo & Hugo Louro & Ana Pereira, 2021. "Multicomponent Exercise Program for Improvement of Functional Capacity and Lipidic Profile of Older Women with High Cholesterol and High Triglycerides," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-9, October.
    3. Catarina N. Matias & Stefania Toselli & Cristina P. Monteiro & Francesco Campa, 2022. "Editorial: New Training Strategies and Evaluation Methods for Improving Health and Physical Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-4, May.

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