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Participation Motives of Sport and Exercise Maintainers: Influences of Age and Gender

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  • Clemens Ley

    (Institute for Sport Science, University of Vienna, 1150 Vienna, Austria
    Department of Health Sciences, University of Applied Science FH Campus Wien, 1100 Vienna, Austria)

Abstract

Promotion of physical activity has become a global priority for public health. While many people do not adhere to the recommendations, sport and exercise maintainers have found their right or fitting practice. Thus, assessing and knowing the participation motives across maintainers helps to improve our understanding of the sports and exercise practices and, thus, to recommend and to design physical activities and programmes that fit to individuals’ motives. A modified version of the Bernese Motive and Goal Inventory was used in an Austria-wide cross-sectional study with 10646 sport and exercise maintainers (43% female). The study performed confirmatory factor analysis, examined measurement invariance, and compared participation motives. The results showed a good model fit and measurement invariance, indicating that the inventory can be applied independently of gender, age and years of sport/exercise experiences. Motives differed among gender, age and type of sports/exercise. Therefore, these variables should be considered in tailoring sport recommendations and interventions to promote adherence. Finally, the results are discussed by using the Self-Determination Theory indicating that sport and exercise maintainers pursue predominantly motives with intrinsic goal contents.

Suggested Citation

  • Clemens Ley, 2020. "Participation Motives of Sport and Exercise Maintainers: Influences of Age and Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:7830-:d:434846
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Julia Schmid & Vanessa Gut & Achim Conzelmann & Gorden Sudeck, 2018. "Bernese motive and goal inventory in exercise and sport: Validation of an updated version of the questionnaire," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(2), pages 1-13, February.
    2. María Huertas González-Serrano & Ana Gómez-Tafalla & Ferran Calabuig-Moreno, 2020. "Predictive Variables of Adolescents’ Intention to Be Physically Active after Graduation. Is Gender a Conditioning Factor?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-20, June.
    3. Daphne Menheere & Mark Janssen & Mathias Funk & Erik van der Spek & Carine Lallemand & Steven Vos, 2020. "Runner’s Perceptions of Reasons to Quit Running: Influence of Gender, Age and Running-Related Characteristics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-12, August.
    4. Murray, Jennifer M. & Brennan, Sarah F. & French, David P. & Patterson, Christopher C. & Kee, Frank & Hunter, Ruth F., 2017. "Effectiveness of physical activity interventions in achieving behaviour change maintenance in young and middle aged adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 125-133.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jonathan Y. Cagas & Stuart J. H. Biddle & Ineke Vergeer, 2022. "For Exercise, Relaxation, or Spirituality: Exploring Participation Motives and Conformity to Masculine Norms among Male and Female Yoga Participants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-18, January.
    3. Vojko Vučković & Klemen Krejač & Tanja Kajtna, 2022. "Exercise Motives of College Students after the COVID-19 Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-11, June.
    4. Filippo Marchese & Ivan Malagoli Lanzoni & Patrizia Steca, 2022. "Personality Traits and Motives in Table Tennis Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-10, August.
    5. Prudky Ivan, 2022. "The Social and Economic Importance of Sports," Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy, Sciendo, vol. 68(3), pages 61-71, September.

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