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Workaholism, Work Engagement and Child Well-Being: A Test of the Spillover-Crossover Model

Author

Listed:
  • Akihito Shimazu

    (Department of Policy Management, Keio University, 5322 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0882, Japan)

  • Arnold B. Bakker

    (Center of Excellence for Positive Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Evangelia Demerouti

    (Department of Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands)

  • Takeo Fujiwara

    (Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan)

  • Noboru Iwata

    (Department of Nursing, Kiryu University, 606 Azami, Kasakake-Cho, Midori, Gunma 379-2393, Japan)

  • Kyoko Shimada

    (Institute of Social Sciences, Toyo University, 5-28-20, Hakusan, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8606, Japan)

  • Masaya Takahashi

    (Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 6-21-1, Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan)

  • Masahito Tokita

    (Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, 5322 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0882, Japan)

  • Izumi Watai

    (Community Health Nursing, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan)

  • Norito Kawakami

    (Department of Mental Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan)

Abstract

This study examines how working parents’ work attitudes (i.e., workaholism and work engagement) are associated with their child’s psychological well-being. Based on the Spillover-Crossover model (SCM), we hypothesize that (a) work-to-family spillover (i.e., work-to-family conflict and facilitation) and (b) employee happiness will sequentially mediate the relationship between parents’ work attitudes and their child’s emotional and behavioral problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Japanese dual-earner couples with pre-school child(ren). On the basis of valid data from 208 families, the hypothesized model was tested using structural equation modeling. For both fathers and mothers simultaneously, workaholism was positively related to work-to-family conflict, which, in turn, was negatively related to happiness. In contrast, work engagement was positively related to work-to-family facilitation, which, in turn, was positively related to happiness. Fathers’ and mothers’ happiness, in turn, were negatively related to their child’s emotional and behavioral problems. Results suggest that parents’ workaholism and work engagement are related to their child’s emotional and behavioral problems in opposite ways, whereby parents’ spillover and happiness mediate this relationship. These findings support the SCM and suggest that decreasing workaholism and improving work engagement may not only improve employees’ happiness, but also decrease their child’s emotional and behavioral problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Akihito Shimazu & Arnold B. Bakker & Evangelia Demerouti & Takeo Fujiwara & Noboru Iwata & Kyoko Shimada & Masaya Takahashi & Masahito Tokita & Izumi Watai & Norito Kawakami, 2020. "Workaholism, Work Engagement and Child Well-Being: A Test of the Spillover-Crossover Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-16, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6213-:d:404725
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rönkä, Anna & Malinen, Kaisa & Metsäpelto, Riitta-Leena & Laakso, Marja-Leena & Sevón, Eija & Verhoef-van Dorp, Melissa, 2017. "Parental working time patterns and children's socioemotional wellbeing: Comparing working parents in Finland, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 133-141.
    2. Kaiser, Till & Li, Jianghong & Pollmann-Schult, Matthias & Song, Anne Y., 2017. "Poverty and child behavioral problems: the mediating role of parenting and parental well-being," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 14(9), pages 1-1.
    3. Till Kaiser & Jianghong Li & Matthias Pollmann-Schult & Anne Y. Song, 2017. "Poverty and Child Behavioral Problems: The Mediating Role of Parenting and Parental Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-10, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nanhee Kim & Yun Jin Kang & Jinsoo Choi & Young Woo Sohn, 2020. "The Crossover Effects of Supervisors’ Workaholism on Subordinates’ Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Two Types of Job Demands and Emotional Exhaustion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Daniel, Carole & Gentina, Elodie & Mesmer-Magnus, Jessica, 2022. "Mindfulness buffers the deleterious effects of workaholism for work-family conflict," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    3. Viktória Kenyhercz & Gabriella Frikker & Zsuzsa Kaló & Zsolt Demetrovics & Bernadette Kun, 2022. "Dysfunctional Family Mechanisms, Internalized Parental Values, and Work Addiction: A Qualitative Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Young-Jae Kim & Seung-Woo Kang, 2021. "An Analysis of the Relationship between the Modified Theory of Planned Behavior and Leisure Rumination of Korean Employees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-14, January.

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