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Dimensionless Maps for the Validity of Analytical Ground Heat Transfer Models for GSHP Applications

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  • Paolo Conti

    (BETTER—Building Energy Technique and Technology Research Group, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, Pisa 56122, Italy
    DESTEC—Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Constructions Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, Pisa 56122, Italy)

Abstract

This article provides plain and handy expressions to decide the most suitable analytical model for the thermal analysis of the ground source in vertical ground-coupled heat pump applications. We perform a comprehensive dimensionless analysis of the reciprocal deviation among the classical infinite, finite, linear and cylindrical heat source models in purely conductive media. Besides, we complete the framework of possible boreholes model with the “hollow” finite cylindrical heat source solution, still lacking in the literature. Analytical expressions are effective tools for both design and performance assessment: they are able to provide practical and general indications on the thermal behavior of the ground with an advantageous tradeoff between calculation efforts and solution accuracy. This notwithstanding, their applicability to any specific case is always subjected to the coherence of the model assumptions, also in terms of length and time scales, with the specific case of interest. We propose several dimensionless criteria to evaluate when one model is practically equivalent to another one and handy maps that can be used for both design and performance analysis. Finally, we found that the finite line source represents the most suitable model for borehole heat exchangers (BHEs), as it is applicable to a wide range of space and time scales, practically providing the same results of more complex models.

Suggested Citation

  • Paolo Conti, 2016. "Dimensionless Maps for the Validity of Analytical Ground Heat Transfer Models for GSHP Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:11:p:890-:d:81728
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lamarche, Louis, 2013. "Short-term behavior of classical analytic solutions for the design of ground-source heat pumps," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 171-180.
    2. Li, Min & Lai, Alvin C.K., 2012. "Heat-source solutions to heat conduction in anisotropic media with application to pile and borehole ground heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 451-458.
    3. Li, Min & Lai, Alvin C.K., 2015. "Review of analytical models for heat transfer by vertical ground heat exchangers (GHEs): A perspective of time and space scales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 178-191.
    4. Alavy, Masih & Nguyen, Hiep V. & Leong, Wey H. & Dworkin, Seth B., 2013. "A methodology and computerized approach for optimizing hybrid ground source heat pump system design," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 404-412.
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    Cited by:

    1. Davide Quaggiotto & Angelo Zarrella & Giuseppe Emmi & Michele De Carli & Luc Pockelé & Jacques Vercruysse & Mario Psyk & Davide Righini & Antonio Galgaro & Dimitrios Mendrinos & Adriana Bernardi, 2019. "Simulation-Based Comparison Between the Thermal Behavior of Coaxial and Double U-Tube Borehole Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Alessandro Franco & Paolo Conti, 2020. "Clearing a Path for Ground Heat Exchange Systems: A Review on Thermal Response Test (TRT) Methods and a Geotechnical Routine Test for Estimating Soil Thermal Properties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, June.
    3. Félix Ruiz-Calvo & Carla Montagud & Antonio Cazorla-Marín & José M. Corberán, 2017. "Development and Experimental Validation of a TRNSYS Dynamic Tool for Design and Energy Optimization of Ground Source Heat Pump Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-21, September.
    4. Xuedan Zhang & Tiantian Zhang & Bingxi Li & Yiqiang Jiang, 2019. "Comparison of Four Methods for Borehole Heat Exchanger Sizing Subject to Thermal Response Test Parameter Estimation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-30, October.
    5. Angelo Zarrella & Giuseppe Emmi & Samantha Graci & Michele De Carli & Matteo Cultrera & Giorgia Dalla Santa & Antonio Galgaro & David Bertermann & Johannes Müller & Luc Pockelé & Giulia Mezzasalma & D, 2017. "Thermal Response Testing Results of Different Types of Borehole Heat Exchangers: An Analysis and Comparison of Interpretation Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-18, June.
    6. C, Alimonti & P, Conti & E, Soldo, 2019. "A comprehensive exergy evaluation of a deep borehole heat exchanger coupled with a ORC plant: the case study of Campi Flegrei," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    7. Krzysztof Neupauer & Sebastian Pater & Krzysztof Kupiec, 2018. "Study of Ground Heat Exchangers in the Form of Parallel Horizontal Pipes Embedded in the Ground," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Alimonti, C. & Conti, P. & Soldo, E., 2021. "Producing geothermal energy with a deep borehole heat exchanger: Exergy optimization of different applications and preliminary design criteria," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    9. Tomislav Kurevija & Kristina Strpić & Sonja Koščak-Kolin, 2018. "Applying Petroleum the Pressure Buildup Well Test Procedure on Thermal Response Test—A Novel Method for Analyzing Temperature Recovery Period," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-22, February.

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