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Assessment of the Wave Energy in the Black Sea Based on a 15-Year Hindcast with Data Assimilation

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  • Liliana Rusu

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, Galati 800201, Romania)

Abstract

The principal target of the present work is to assess the wave energy potential in the Black Sea, identifying also some relevant energetic features and possible patterns. A wave prediction system based on the Simulating Waves Nearshore model (SWAN) has been implemented and intensively tested in the entire sea basin. Moreover, considering an optimal interpolation technique, an assimilation scheme of the satellite data has been developed, leading to a visible improvement of the wave model predictions in terms of significant wave heights and, consequently, also in terms of wave power. Using this wave prediction system with data assimilation, simulations have been performed for a 15-year period (1999–2013). Considering the results of this 15-year wave hindcast, an analysis of the wave energy conditions in the basin of the Black Sea has been carried out. This provided a more comprehensive picture concerning the wave energy patterns in the coastal environment of the Black Sea focused on the average wave conditions that might be expected in this sea. Following the results presented, it can be concluded that the wave energy extraction in the Black Sea can become an issue of interest, especially from the perspective of the hybrid solutions.

Suggested Citation

  • Liliana Rusu, 2015. "Assessment of the Wave Energy in the Black Sea Based on a 15-Year Hindcast with Data Assimilation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:9:p:10370-10388:d:56107
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rusu, Liliana & Onea, Florin, 2015. "Assessment of the performances of various wave energy converters along the European continental coasts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 889-904.
    2. Vicinanza, D. & Contestabile, P. & Ferrante, V., 2013. "Wave energy potential in the north-west of Sardinia (Italy)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 506-521.
    3. Eugen Rusu, 2014. "Evaluation of the Wave Energy Conversion Efficiency in Various Coastal Environments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Rusu, Eugen & Onea, Florin, 2013. "Evaluation of the wind and wave energy along the Caspian Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-14.
    5. Dina Silva & Eugen Rusu & Carlos Guedes Soares, 2013. "Evaluation of Various Technologies for Wave Energy Conversion in the Portuguese Nearshore," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-21, March.
    6. Tănase Zanopol, Andrei & Onea, Florin & Rusu, Eugen, 2014. "Coastal impact assessment of a generic wave farm operating in the Romanian nearshore," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 652-670.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Lin, Yifan & Dong, Sheng & Wang, Zhifeng & Guedes Soares, C., 2019. "Wave energy assessment in the China adjacent seas on the basis of a 20-year SWAN simulation with unstructured grids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 275-295.
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    4. Florin Onea & Eugen Rusu, 2018. "Sustainability of the Reanalysis Databases in Predicting the Wind and Wave Power along the European Coasts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, January.
    5. Rusu, Liliana, 2020. "A projection of the expected wave power in the Black Sea until the end of the 21st century," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 136-147.
    6. Daniel Ganea & Elena Mereuta & Liliana Rusu, 2018. "Estimation of the Near Future Wind Power Potential in the Black Sea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-21, November.
    7. Florin Onea & Liliana Rusu, 2017. "A Long-Term Assessment of the Black Sea Wave Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-18, October.
    8. Aydoğan, Burak & Görmüş, Tahsin & Ayat, Berna & Çarpar, Tunay, 2021. "Analysis of potential changes in the Black Sea wave power for the 21st century," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 512-526.
    9. Anton Catalin & Carmen Gasparotti & Alina Raileanu & Carmen Gasparotti & Rusu Eugen, 2017. "Towards an Integrated Management and Planning in the Romanian Black Sea Coastal Zones," Acta Universitatis Danubius. OEconomica, Danubius University of Galati, issue 13(5), pages 59-71, OCTOBER.
    10. Wanan Sheng & Hui Li & Jimmy Murphy, 2017. "An Improved Method for Energy and Resource Assessment of Waves in Finite Water Depths," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-17, August.
    11. Aboobacker, V.M. & Shanas, P.R. & Alsaafani, M.A. & Albarakati, Alaa M.A., 2017. "Wave energy resource assessment for Red Sea," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PA), pages 46-58.
    12. Yana Saprykina & Sergey Kuznetsov, 2018. "Analysis of the Variability of Wave Energy Due to Climate Changes on the Example of the Black Sea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
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    14. Eelsalu, Maris & Montoya, Rubén D. & Aramburo, Darwin & Osorio, Andrés F. & Soomere, Tarmo, 2024. "Spatial and temporal variability of wave energy resource in the eastern Pacific from Panama to the Drake passage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    15. Kostas Belibassakis & Alexandros Magkouris & Eugen Rusu, 2020. "A BEM for the Hydrodynamic Analysis of Oscillating Water Column Systems in Variable Bathymetry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-24, July.
    16. Antonio Manuel Gómez-Orellana & Juan Carlos Fernández & Manuel Dorado-Moreno & Pedro Antonio Gutiérrez & César Hervás-Martínez, 2021. "Building Suitable Datasets for Soft Computing and Machine Learning Techniques from Meteorological Data Integration: A Case Study for Predicting Significant Wave Height and Energy Flux," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-33, January.
    17. Foteinis, Spyros, 2022. "Wave energy converters in low energy seas: Current state and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    18. Malik, Abdul Q., 2021. "Renewables for Fiji – Path for green power generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    19. Adem Akpınar & Halid Jafali & Eugen Rusu, 2019. "Temporal Variation of the Wave Energy Flux in Hotspot Areas of the Black Sea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, January.
    20. Şan, Murat & Akpınar, Adem & Bingölbali, Bilal & Kankal, Murat, 2021. "Geo-spatial multi-criteria evaluation of wave energy exploitation in a semi-enclosed sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    21. Rusu, Liliana, 2019. "Evaluation of the near future wave energy resources in the Black Sea under two climate scenarios," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 137-146.
    22. Rusu, Liliana & Onea, Florin, 2017. "The performance of some state-of-the-art wave energy converters in locations with the worldwide highest wave power," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1348-1362.

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