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Analysis of the Hybrid Power-Heating System in a Single-Family Building, along with Ecological Aspects of the Operation

Author

Listed:
  • Grzegorz Woroniak

    (HVAC Department, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland)

  • Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak

    (HVAC Department, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland)

  • Anna Woroniak

    (III-th Highschool of K. K. Baczynski, Palacowa 2/1, 15-042 Bialystok, Poland)

  • Edyta Owczarek

    (Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19, 42-218 Czestochowa, Poland)

  • Krystyna Giza

    (Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19, 42-218 Czestochowa, Poland)

Abstract

This study evaluates a hybrid heating system in a single-family building in northeastern Poland, which has a temperate continental climate. The analysis covers two heating seasons in 2021/2022 and 2022/2023. The hybrid heating system includes an air heat pump HPA–08 CS Plus with a heating power of 8.2 kW (AHP), a condensing gas boiler VC146/5–5 with a power of 14 kW (GB–Condens.), and a solid fuel boiler with a power of 11 kW for central heating. Additionally, hot water is heated by a Basic 270 (DHW’s AHP) air–water heat pump with a power of 2 kW, utilizing a tank with a capacity of 270 dm 3 equipped with two heating coils. The building’s average electricity consumption is around 5400 kWh/year. A 4.96 kWp photovoltaic installation is installed on the building’s roof at a 40° angle towards the south to supplement the hybrid system. The study aims to assess whether the PV installation can adequately cover the energy needs of the hybrid heat source for heating and hot water. Furthermore, the study calculates the emission of pollutants (CO 2 , SO x , NO x , CO, and PM10) into the atmosphere. The total annual electricity production from PV installations was 5444.9 kWh in 2021/2022 and 5684.8 kWh in 2022/2023. The excess electricity was stored in the PGE power grid as per the Prosumer settlement rules. The installed PV installation is sufficient to power the following devices annually: AHP, DHW’s AHP, and GB–Condens. However, the daily electricity production from the PV installation is not enough to cover the energy needs of the heat pump for heating during the cold months in Poland (I–III, XI–XII). It can meet the power needs of a PC all year round and can also be stored during the summer months, for example, in energy warehouses or by directly storing it in the PGE power grid. The use of the PV installation resulted in an average reduction in pollutant emissions into the atmosphere: CO 2 —94.1%, SO x —91.8%, NO x —95.6%, CO—9.7%, and PM10—32.1%.

Suggested Citation

  • Grzegorz Woroniak & Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak & Anna Woroniak & Edyta Owczarek & Krystyna Giza, 2024. "Analysis of the Hybrid Power-Heating System in a Single-Family Building, along with Ecological Aspects of the Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:11:p:2601-:d:1403813
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Beccali, Marco & Bonomolo, Marina & Martorana, Francesca & Catrini, Pietro & Buscemi, Alessandro, 2022. "Electrical hybrid heat pumps assisted by natural gas boilers: a review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
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    5. Wojciech Nazar & Katarzyna Plata-Nazar, 2021. "Changes in Air Pollution-Related Behaviour Measured by Google Trends Search Volume Index in Response to Reported Air Quality in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Herrando, M. & Coca-Ortegón, A. & Guedea, I. & Fueyo, N., 2023. "Experimental validation of a solar system based on hybrid photovoltaic-thermal collectors and a reversible heat pump for the energy provision in non-residential buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
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