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Modelling the Interaction between Air Pollutant Emissions and Their Key Sources in Poland

Author

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  • Alicja Kolasa-Więcek

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 46-020 Opole, Poland)

  • Dariusz Suszanowicz

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 46-020 Opole, Poland)

  • Agnieszka A. Pilarska

    (Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Pilarski

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between key sources of air pollutant emissions (sources of energy production, factories which are particularly harmful to the environment, the fleets of cars, environmental protection expenditure) and the main environmental air pollution (SO 2 , NO x , CO and PM) in Poland. Models based on MLP neural networks were used as predictive models. Global sensitivity analysis was used to demonstrate the significant impact of individual network input variables on the output variable. To verify the effectiveness of the models created, the actual data were compared with the data obtained through modelling. Projected courses of changes in the variables under study correspond with the real data, which confirms that the proposed models generalize acquired knowledge well. The high MLP network quality parameters of 0.99–0.85 indicate that the network generalizes the acquired knowledge accurately. The sensitivity analysis for NO x , CO and PM pollutants indicates the significance of all input variables. For SO 2 , it showed significance for four of the six variables analysed. The predictions made by the neural models are not very different from the experimental values.

Suggested Citation

  • Alicja Kolasa-Więcek & Dariusz Suszanowicz & Agnieszka A. Pilarska & Krzysztof Pilarski, 2021. "Modelling the Interaction between Air Pollutant Emissions and Their Key Sources in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:6891-:d:661130
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Peter Rafaj & Markus Amann, 2018. "Decomposing Air Pollutant Emissions in Asia: Determinants and Projections," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, May.
    5. J. Lelieveld & J. S. Evans & M. Fnais & D. Giannadaki & A. Pozzer, 2015. "The contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale," Nature, Nature, vol. 525(7569), pages 367-371, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Grzegorz Woroniak & Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak & Anna Woroniak & Edyta Owczarek & Krystyna Giza, 2024. "Analysis of the Hybrid Power-Heating System in a Single-Family Building, along with Ecological Aspects of the Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-24, May.
    2. Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak & Krzysztof Cieśliński & Grzegorz Woroniak & Jonas Bielskus, 2022. "The Impact of Thermo-Modernization and Forecast Regulation on the Reduction of Thermal Energy Consumption and Reduction of Pollutant Emissions into the Atmosphere on the Example of Prefabricated Build," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-32, April.
    3. Alicja Kolasa-Więcek & Agnieszka A. Pilarska & Małgorzata Wzorek & Dariusz Suszanowicz & Piotr Boniecki, 2023. "Modeling the Consumption of Main Fossil Fuels in Greenhouse Gas Emissions in European Countries, Considering Gross Domestic Product and Population," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-18, December.

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