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Phase Change Material Composite Battery Module for Thermal Protection of Electric Vehicles: An Experimental Observation

Author

Listed:
  • Alexander C. Budiman

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Brian Azzopardi

    (MCAST Energy Research Group, Institute of Engineering and Transport, Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology (MCAST), PLA 9032 Paola, Malta
    The Foundation for Innovation and Research—Malta, BKR 4012 Birkirkara, Malta)

  • Sudirja

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Muhammad A. P. Perdana

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Sunarto Kaleg

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Febriani S. Hadiastuti

    (Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh September, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)

  • Bagus A. Hasyim

    (Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh September, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia)

  • Amin

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Rina Ristiana

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Aam Muharam

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

  • Abdul Hapid

    (Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia)

Abstract

A composite container for an electric vehicle (EV) battery module filled with a phase-change material (PCM) was experimentally tested at various discharge rates. The average cell temperatures at 1 C, 2 C, and 4 C discharge rates, respectively, might reach 38 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C in the absence of any heat-absorbing material. The temperature was noticeably lower with PCM present than with a conventional battery module. For instance, at 4 C discharge rates, none of the battery cells inside the PCM-filled module were able to reach 70 °C. Unfortunately, the PCM addition also degraded the composite’s tensile qualities. Further investigations used Paraffin-20 and Caprylone since PCMs provide a notably different thermal performance due to their distinctive latent heat profiles. It was observed that a high melting temperature of the paraffin mixture, despite its slightly lower latent heat capacity compared to Caprylone, could lead to a more uniform temperature. Overall, both PCMs can be used as passive protection against any potential thermal abuses in EV battery modules, while in terms of mechanical strength, the use of a composite reinforcement material is strongly encouraged.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexander C. Budiman & Brian Azzopardi & Sudirja & Muhammad A. P. Perdana & Sunarto Kaleg & Febriani S. Hadiastuti & Bagus A. Hasyim & Amin & Rina Ristiana & Aam Muharam & Abdul Hapid, 2023. "Phase Change Material Composite Battery Module for Thermal Protection of Electric Vehicles: An Experimental Observation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3896-:d:1139496
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Teressa Talluri & Tae Hyeong Kim & Kyoo Jae Shin, 2020. "Analysis of a Battery Pack with a Phase Change Material for the Extreme Temperature Conditions of an Electrical Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Xingxing Wang & Shengren Liu & Yujie Zhang & Shuaishuai Lv & Hongjun Ni & Yelin Deng & Yinnan Yuan, 2022. "A Review of the Power Battery Thermal Management System with Different Cooling, Heating and Coupling System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-29, March.
    3. Zhao, Yanqi & Zou, Boyang & Zhang, Tongtong & Jiang, Zhu & Ding, Jianning & Ding, Yulong, 2022. "A comprehensive review of composite phase change material based thermal management system for lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Luca Cattani & Matteo Malavasi & Fabio Bozzoli & Valerio D’Alessandro & Luca Giammichele, 2024. "Two-Phase Cooling System for Electric Vehicle Battery Based on a 3D Pulsating Heat Pipe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Jixian Sun & Dan Dan & Mingshan Wei & Senlin Cai & Yihang Zhao & Edward Wright, 2023. "Pack-Level Modeling and Thermal Analysis of a Battery Thermal Management System with Phase Change Materials and Liquid Cooling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Luca Cattani & Matteo Malavasi & Fabio Bozzoli & Valerio D’Alessandro & Luca Giammichele, 2023. "Experimental Analysis of an Innovative Electrical Battery Thermal Management System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Brian Azzopardi & Abdul Hapid & Sunarto Kaleg & Sudirja & Djulia Onggo & Alexander C. Budiman, 2023. "Recent Advances in Battery Pack Polymer Composites," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-23, August.

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