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Numerical Modeling and Simulation of a Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Ammonia-Hydrogen Blends

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriele D’Antuono

    (Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Davide Lanni

    (Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Enzo Galloni

    (Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Gustavo Fontana

    (Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

Abstract

Carbon-free fuels, in particular ammonia and hydrogen, could play a significant role in the decarbonization of the mobility sector. In this work, the authors assessed the operation of a light-duty spark-ignition engine fueled with an ammonia–hydrogen blend (85% ammonia and 15% hydrogen by volume) using a 1D predictive model. Three-dimensional computations have been used in order to verify the reliability of the 1D model. The addition of hydrogen to the air–fuel mixture allows the operating capacity of the engine to be extended with respect to neat ammonia fueling. The engine can be properly regulated between 1500 rpm and 3000 rpm. Its operating range reduces as engine speed increases, and it cannot run at 6000 rpm. This is due to different engine operating constraints being exceeded. The maximum engine torque is about 240 Nm and is reached at 1500 rpm. The engine efficiency ranges between 42% and 19%, and the specific fuel consumption varies from about 350 g/kWh to about 750 g/kWh. The results provide both performances and operating ranges of the engine allowing us to define optimized engine maps obtained by means of a constrained optimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriele D’Antuono & Davide Lanni & Enzo Galloni & Gustavo Fontana, 2023. "Numerical Modeling and Simulation of a Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Ammonia-Hydrogen Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2543-:d:1090855
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Enzo Galloni & Davide Lanni & Gustavo Fontana & Gabriele D’Antuono & Simone Stabile, 2022. "Performance Estimation of a Downsized SI Engine Running with Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-12, June.
    2. Xiaowei Xu & Enlong Liu & Neng Zhu & Fanfu Liu & Feng Qian, 2022. "Review of the Current Status of Ammonia-Blended Hydrogen Fuel Engine Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    3. Tadeusz Dziubak & Mirosław Karczewski, 2022. "Experimental Studies of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on the Composition and Emission Changes of a Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-31, June.
    4. Tadeusz Dziubak & Mirosław Karczewski, 2022. "Experimental Study of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on Internal Combustion Engine Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-32, April.
    5. Davide Lanni & Enzo Galloni & Gustavo Fontana & Gabriele D’Antuono, 2022. "Assessment of the Operation of an SI Engine Fueled with Ammonia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-17, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wojciech Tutak & Michał Pyrc & Michał Gruca & Arkadiusz Jamrozik, 2023. "Ammonia Combustion in a Spark-Ignition Engine Supported with Dimethyl Ether," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-18, October.

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