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A Survey on Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power Systems: Recent Challenges and Strategies

Author

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  • Xinghua Liu

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Siwei Qiao

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Zhiwei Liu

    (School of Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
    Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

Load frequency control (LFC) is well known for balancing the load demand and frequency for a multi-area power system. Studies have proven that LFC can improve the global performance of multi-area power systems. In recent years, the increasing proportion of renewable energy, integration of EVs, and cyber-attacks have become the main challenges in LFC power systems. Different strategies have been applied in the literature for LFC power systems and the possible impacts of renewable energy, EVs, and cyber-attacks. This survey paper is devoted to the research on directions in LFC multi-area power systems. The mathematical model of recent challenges in LFC multi-area power systems is summarized and the similarities and differences of these challenges are analyzed. The uncertainty of renewable energy is a frequently noted issue in LFC power systems; however, the uncertainty that exists in controller design is often ignored. In this survey, we analyze methods for treating the uncertainty of renewable energy and controller. This survey paper introduces the most recent research on LFC and acquaints anyone interested in its development, such that the most effective strategies can be developed by the researchers.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinghua Liu & Siwei Qiao & Zhiwei Liu, 2023. "A Survey on Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power Systems: Recent Challenges and Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2323-:d:1083471
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ashraf K. Abdelaal & Mohamed A. El-Hameed, 2024. "Application of Robust Super Twisting to Load Frequency Control of a Two-Area System Comprising Renewable Energy Resources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-15, June.

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