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Enhanced Liquid Fuel Production from Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste Mixtures Using a Natural Mineral Catalyst

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  • Faisal Abnisa

    (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Since plastic wastes are commonly found and accumulate in numerous types and forms, the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures seems more feasible to be selected for large-scale production. However, the process typically produces less liquid than individual plastic pyrolysis. This study proposed a viable approach for catalytic pyrolysis by using natural mineral catalysts without modification. Bentonite was selected as a natural mineral catalyst while HZSM-5 was used for performance comparison. The process was evaluated in situ using a fixed-bed reactor at temperatures between 400 °C and 500 °C. The mixture of plastic waste composition was designed based on the non-recycled plastics data. The results showed that 42.55 wt% of liquid yield was obtained from thermal pyrolysis using Malaysia’s non-recycled plastics data. It was then found that using HZSM-5 and bentonite catalysts significantly boosted liquid products to about 56 and 60%, respectively. The presence of catalysts also positively minimized tar formation and eliminated wax formation in the liquid product. Furthermore, the catalytic process showed remarkable improvements in aromatics and alkane compounds in the liquid while only alkenes were found to be high when bentonite was used.

Suggested Citation

  • Faisal Abnisa, 2023. "Enhanced Liquid Fuel Production from Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste Mixtures Using a Natural Mineral Catalyst," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1224-:d:1044566
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hueon Namkung & Se-In Park & Yoomin Lee & Tae Uk Han & Jun-Ik Son & Jun-Gu Kang, 2022. "Investigation of Oil and Facility Characteristics of Plastic Waste Pyrolysis for the Advanced Waste Recycling Policy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-10, June.
    2. Kaixin Li & Shao Wee Lee & Guoan Yuan & Junxi Lei & Shengxuan Lin & Piyarat Weerachanchai & Yanhui Yang & Jing-Yuan Wang, 2016. "Investigation into the Catalytic Activity of Microporous and Mesoporous Catalysts in the Pyrolysis of Waste Polyethylene and Polypropylene Mixture," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Williams, Paul T. & Slaney, Edward, 2007. "Analysis of products from the pyrolysis and liquefaction of single plastics and waste plastic mixtures," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 754-769.
    4. Isah Yakub Mohammed & Feroz Kabir Kazi & Suzana Yusup & Peter Adeniyi Alaba & Yahaya Muhammad Sani & Yousif Abdalla Abakr, 2016. "Catalytic Intermediate Pyrolysis of Napier Grass in a Fixed Bed Reactor with ZSM-5, HZSM-5 and Zinc-Exchanged Zeolite-A as the Catalyst," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-17, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Izabella Maj & Krzysztof Matus, 2023. "Aluminosilicate Clay Minerals: Kaolin, Bentonite, and Halloysite as Fuel Additives for Thermal Conversion of Biomass and Waste," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-17, May.
    2. Rafael Estevez & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Francisco J. López-Tenllado & Felipa M. Bautista & Antonio A. Romero & Diego Luna, 2024. "Study on the Performance and Emissions of Triple Blends of Diesel/Waste Plastic Oil/Vegetable Oil in a Diesel Engine: Advancing Eco-Friendly Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-17, March.

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