IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i19p6786-d1246458.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Wind Turbine Gearbox Condition Monitoring Using Hybrid Attentions and Spatio-Temporal BiConvLSTM Network

Author

Listed:
  • Junshuai Yan

    (School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    Longyuan (Beijing) New Energy Engineering Technology Company Limited, Beijing 100034, China)

  • Yongqian Liu

    (School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Xiaoying Ren

    (School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Li Li

    (School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

Abstract

Gearbox fault deterioration can significantly impact the safety, reliability, and efficiency of wind turbines, resulting in substantial economic losses for wind farms. However, current condition monitoring methods face challenges in effectively mining the hidden spatio-temporal features within SCADA data and establishing reasonable weight allocations for model input variables. To tackle these issues, we proposed a novel condition monitoring method for wind turbine gearboxes called HBCE, which integrated a feature-time hybrid attention mechanism (HA), the bidirectional convolutional long short-term memory networks (BiConvLSTM), and an improved exponentially weighted moving-average (iEWMA). Specifically, utilizing historical health SCADA data acquired through the modified Thompson tau data-cleaning algorithm, a normal behavior model (HA-BiConvLSTM) of gearbox was constructed to effectively extract the spatio-temporal features and learn normal behavior patterns. An iEWMA-based outlier detection approach was employed to set dynamic adaptive thresholds, and real-time monitor the prediction residuals of HA-BiConvLSTM to identify the early faults of gearbox. The proposed HBCE method was validated through actual gearbox faults and compared with conventional spatio-temporal models (i.e., CNN-LSTM and CNN&LSTM). The results illustrated that the constructed HA-BiConvLSTM model achieved superior prediction precision in terms of RMSE, MAE, MAPE, and R 2 , and the proposed method HBCE can effectively and reliably identify early anomalies of a wind turbine gearbox in advance.

Suggested Citation

  • Junshuai Yan & Yongqian Liu & Xiaoying Ren & Li Li, 2023. "Wind Turbine Gearbox Condition Monitoring Using Hybrid Attentions and Spatio-Temporal BiConvLSTM Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:19:p:6786-:d:1246458
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/19/6786/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/19/6786/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kerman López de Calle & Susana Ferreiro & Constantino Roldán-Paraponiaris & Alain Ulazia, 2019. "A Context-Aware Oil Debris-Based Health Indicator for Wind Turbine Gearbox Condition Monitoring," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Conor McKinnon & James Carroll & Alasdair McDonald & Sofia Koukoura & Charlie Plumley, 2021. "Investigation of Isolation Forest for Wind Turbine Pitch System Condition Monitoring Using SCADA Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Xiang, Ling & Yang, Xin & Hu, Aijun & Su, Hao & Wang, Penghe, 2022. "Condition monitoring and anomaly detection of wind turbine based on cascaded and bidirectional deep learning networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    4. Yang, Wenguang & Liu, Chao & Jiang, Dongxiang, 2018. "An unsupervised spatiotemporal graphical modeling approach for wind turbine condition monitoring," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 230-241.
    5. Hongsheng Su & Yifan Zhao & Xueqian Wang, 2023. "Analysis of a State Degradation Model and Preventive Maintenance Strategies for Wind Turbine Generators Based on Stochastic Differential Equations," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, June.
    6. Zhan, Jun & Wu, Chengkun & Yang, Canqun & Miao, Qiucheng & Wang, Shilin & Ma, Xiandong, 2022. "Condition monitoring of wind turbines based on spatial-temporal feature aggregation networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 751-766.
    7. Tao, Tao & Liu, Yongqian & Qiao, Yanhui & Gao, Linyue & Lu, Jiaoyang & Zhang, Ce & Wang, Yu, 2021. "Wind turbine blade icing diagnosis using hybrid features and Stacked-XGBoost algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1004-1013.
    8. Wang, Jinjiang & Liang, Yuanyuan & Zheng, Yinghao & Gao, Robert X. & Zhang, Fengli, 2020. "An integrated fault diagnosis and prognosis approach for predictive maintenance of wind turbine bearing with limited samples," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 642-650.
    9. Xie, Tianming & Xu, Qifa & Jiang, Cuixia & Lu, Shixiang & Wang, Xiangxiang, 2023. "The fault frequency priors fusion deep learning framework with application to fault diagnosis of offshore wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 143-153.
    10. Sun, Peng & Li, Jian & Wang, Caisheng & Lei, Xiao, 2016. "A generalized model for wind turbine anomaly identification based on SCADA data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 550-567.
    11. Xiaocong Xiao & Jianxun Liu & Deshun Liu & Yufei Tang & Shigang Qin & Fan Zhang, 2022. "A Normal Behavior-Based Condition Monitoring Method for Wind Turbine Main Bearing Using Dual Attention Mechanism and Bi-LSTM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-17, November.
    12. Xiaobo Liu & Hantao Guo & Yibing Liu, 2022. "One-Shot Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbines Based on Meta-Analogical Momentum Contrast Learning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-14, April.
    13. Wu, Yueqi & Ma, Xiandong, 2022. "A hybrid LSTM-KLD approach to condition monitoring of operational wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 554-566.
    14. Zhaoyan Zhang & Shaoke Wang & Peiguang Wang & Ping Jiang & Hang Zhou, 2022. "Research on Fault Early Warning of Wind Turbine Based on IPSO-DBN," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-18, November.
    15. Zhu, Yongchao & Zhu, Caichao & Tan, Jianjun & Wang, Yili & Tao, Jianquan, 2022. "Operational state assessment of wind turbine gearbox based on long short-term memory networks and fuzzy synthesis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1167-1176.
    16. Jinje Park & Changhyun Kim & Minh-Chau Dinh & Minwon Park, 2022. "Design of a Condition Monitoring System for Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-16, January.
    17. Cho, Seongpil & Choi, Minjoo & Gao, Zhen & Moan, Torgeir, 2021. "Fault detection and diagnosis of a blade pitch system in a floating wind turbine based on Kalman filters and artificial neural networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1-13.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Junshuai Yan & Yongqian Liu & Xiaoying Ren, 2023. "An Early Fault Detection Method for Wind Turbine Main Bearings Based on Self-Attention GRU Network and Binary Segmentation Changepoint Detection Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Camila Correa-Jullian & Sergio Cofre-Martel & Gabriel San Martin & Enrique Lopez Droguett & Gustavo de Novaes Pires Leite & Alexandre Costa, 2022. "Exploring Quantum Machine Learning and Feature Reduction Techniques for Wind Turbine Pitch Fault Detection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-29, April.
    3. Sun, Shilin & Wang, Tianyang & Chu, Fulei, 2023. "A multi-learner neural network approach to wind turbine fault diagnosis with imbalanced data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 420-430.
    4. Feng, Chenlong & Liu, Chao & Jiang, Dongxiang, 2023. "Unsupervised anomaly detection using graph neural networks integrated with physical-statistical feature fusion and local-global learning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 309-323.
    5. Dao, Phong B., 2022. "On Wilcoxon rank sum test for condition monitoring and fault detection of wind turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    6. Zemali, Zakaria & Cherroun, Lakhmissi & Hadroug, Nadji & Hafaifa, Ahmed & Iratni, Abdelhamid & Alshammari, Obaid S. & Colak, Ilhami, 2023. "Robust intelligent fault diagnosis strategy using Kalman observers and neuro-fuzzy systems for a wind turbine benchmark," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 873-898.
    7. Cheng Tao & Tao Tao & Xinjian Bai & Yongqian Liu, 2023. "Wind Turbine Blade Icing Prediction Using Focal Loss Function and CNN-Attention-GRU Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-15, July.
    8. Zhan, Jun & Wu, Chengkun & Yang, Canqun & Miao, Qiucheng & Wang, Shilin & Ma, Xiandong, 2022. "Condition monitoring of wind turbines based on spatial-temporal feature aggregation networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 751-766.
    9. Qu, Fuming & Liu, Jinhai & Zhu, Hongfei & Zhou, Bowen, 2020. "Wind turbine fault detection based on expanded linguistic terms and rules using non-singleton fuzzy logic," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    10. Tao, Cheng & Tao, Tao & He, Shukai & Bai, Xinjian & Liu, Yongqian, 2024. "Wind turbine blade icing diagnosis using B-SMOTE-Bi-GRU and RFE combined with icing mechanism," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    11. Moghaddass, Ramin & Sheng, Shuangwen, 2019. "An anomaly detection framework for dynamic systems using a Bayesian hierarchical framework," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 561-582.
    12. Chen Zhang & Tao Yang, 2023. "Anomaly Detection for Wind Turbines Using Long Short-Term Memory-Based Variational Autoencoder Wasserstein Generation Adversarial Network under Semi-Supervised Training," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-18, October.
    13. Li, Guanzheng & Li, Bin & Li, Chao & Wang, Shuai, 2023. "State-of-health rapid estimation for lithium-ion battery based on an interpretable stacking ensemble model with short-term voltage profiles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    14. Fan Cai & Yuesong Jiang & Wanqing Song & Kai-Hung Lu & Tongbo Zhu, 2024. "Short-Term Wind Turbine Blade Icing Wind Power Prediction Based on PCA-fLsm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-15, March.
    15. Kumarasamy Palanimuthu & Ganesh Mayilsamy & Ameerkhan Abdul Basheer & Seong-Ryong Lee & Dongran Song & Young Hoon Joo, 2022. "A Review of Recent Aerodynamic Power Extraction Challenges in Coordinated Pitch, Yaw, and Torque Control of Large-Scale Wind Turbine Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-27, November.
    16. Wang, Anqi & Pei, Yan & Qian, Zheng & Zareipour, Hamidreza & Jing, Bo & An, Jiayi, 2022. "A two-stage anomaly decomposition scheme based on multi-variable correlation extraction for wind turbine fault detection and identification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    17. Zhu, Yongchao & Zhu, Caichao & Tan, Jianjun & Tan, Yong & Rao, Lei, 2022. "Anomaly detection and condition monitoring of wind turbine gearbox based on LSTM-FS and transfer learning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 90-103.
    18. Miguel A. Rodríguez-López & Luis M. López-González & Luis M. López-Ochoa & Jesús Las-Heras-Casas, 2018. "Methodology for Detecting Malfunctions and Evaluating the Maintenance Effectiveness in Wind Turbine Generator Bearings Using Generic versus Specific Models from SCADA Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-22, March.
    19. Miguel Moreira & Frederico Rodrigues & Sílvio Cândido & Guilherme Santos & José Páscoa, 2023. "Development of a Background-Oriented Schlieren (BOS) System for Thermal Characterization of Flow Induced by Plasma Actuators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, January.
    20. Xu, Xuefang & Li, Bo & Qiao, Zijian & Shi, Peiming & Shao, Huaishuang & Li, Ruixiong, 2023. "Caputo-Fabrizio fractional order derivative stochastic resonance enhanced by ADOF and its application in fault diagnosis of wind turbine drivetrain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:19:p:6786-:d:1246458. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.