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Review on Dynamic Simulation of Wind Diesel Isolated Microgrids

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  • Rafael Sebastián

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering (DIEEC), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Wind diesel isolated microgrids (WDIMs) combine wind turbine generators (WTGs) with diesel generators (DGs) to supply electricity to remote consumers. WDIMs are low-inertia isolated power systems where large system frequency and voltage variations occur. WDIM dynamic modeling allows short-term simulations to be performed and detailed electrical variable transients to be obtained so that the WDIM power quality and stability can be tested. This paper presents a literature review about WDIM dynamic simulation. The review classifies articles according to factors such as the different WDIM operation modes (diesel only, wind–diesel and wind only) simulated, the types of WTGs used in the WDIM (constant- and variable-speed types), or the use of different short-term energy storage technologies (batteries, ultracapacitors, flywheels) to improve the WDIM power quality, stability and reliability. Papers about the dynamic simulation of related isolated microgrids are also reviewed. Finally, as an example of WDIM dynamic simulation, a WDIM with one WTG, one DG, load and a discrete dump load (DL) is modeled and simulated. The WDIM response to variations of wind speed and load consumption is shown by graphs of the main electrical variables. The simulations show how the DL is used to improve the WDIM stability and reliability.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Sebastián, 2021. "Review on Dynamic Simulation of Wind Diesel Isolated Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:7:p:1812-:d:523493
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tiago Lukasievicz & Ricardo Oliveira & César Torrico, 2018. "A Control Approach and Supplementary Controllers for a Stand-Alone System with Predominance of Wind Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-17, February.
    2. Basak, Prasenjit & Chowdhury, S. & Halder nee Dey, S. & Chowdhury, S.P., 2012. "A literature review on integration of distributed energy resources in the perspective of control, protection and stability of microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5545-5556.
    3. Rafael Sebastián & Antonio Nevado, 2020. "Study and Simulation of a Wind Hydro Isolated Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-15, November.
    4. Sebastián, R. & Quesada, J., 2006. "Distributed control system for frequency control in a isolated wind system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 285-305.
    5. Tan, Yingjie & Meegahapola, Lasantha & Muttaqi, Kashem M., 2014. "A review of technical challenges in planning and operation of remote area power supply systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 876-889.
    6. Paish, Oliver, 2002. "Small hydro power: technology and current status," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 6(6), pages 537-556, December.
    7. Sebastián, R. & Alzola, R. Peña, 2010. "Effective active power control of a high penetration wind diesel system with a Ni–Cd battery energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 952-965.
    8. José Ignacio Sarasúa & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Carlos A. Platero & José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, 2018. "Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, October.
    9. Mahela, Om Prakash & Shaik, Abdul Gafoor, 2016. "Comprehensive overview of grid interfaced wind energy generation systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 260-281.
    10. Platero, C.A. & Nicolet, C. & Sánchez, J.A. & Kawkabani, B., 2014. "Increasing wind power penetration in autonomous power systems through no-flow operation of Pelton turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 515-523.
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