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A Review of Hot Gas Cleaning Techniques for Hydrogen Chloride Removal from Biomass-Derived Syngas

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  • Vera Marcantonio

    (Department of Engineering Science, Marconi University, Via Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy)

  • Michael Müller

    (Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-2, Leo-Brandt-Strasse, D-52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Enrico Bocci

    (Department of Engineering Science, Marconi University, Via Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Considering the pressing challenges of supply security and climate change, advanced processes to produce electricity and biofuels from biomass have to be developed. Biomass gasification is a very promising technology, but there is a lack of comprehensive reviews, specifically on the technologies for hydrogen chloride hot gas cleanup, which are necessary in order to work at the same temperature and respect the limits of advanced downstream components. In this review, the Cl content of the main biomasses in Europe is given, and data on syngas content and the tolerance of downstream equipment are highlighted. Hot gas cleaning technologies, which have the advantage of improved thermal efficiency are reviewed, analyzing the thermodynamic and primary and secondary methods. This review identifies NaAlO 2 and Na 2 CO 3 within 450–550 °C as the most effective sorbents, which are able to reduce the concentration of HCl below 1 ppm. Nevertheless, H 2 S cannot be simultaneously removed and has to be removed first, because it reduces the HCl adsorption sorbent capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Vera Marcantonio & Michael Müller & Enrico Bocci, 2021. "A Review of Hot Gas Cleaning Techniques for Hydrogen Chloride Removal from Biomass-Derived Syngas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:20:p:6519-:d:653742
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jacek Grams, 2022. "Upgrading of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrogen-Rich Gas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-5, December.
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    4. Slavomír Podolský & Miroslav Variny & Tomáš Kurák, 2023. "Carbon-Energy Impact Analysis of Heavy Residue Gasification Plant Integration into Oil Refinery," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Johan De Greef & Quynh N. Hoang & Raf Vandevelde & Wouter Meynendonckx & Zouhir Bouchaar & Giuseppe Granata & Mathias Verbeke & Mariya Ishteva & Tine Seljak & Jo Van Caneghem & Maarten Vanierschot, 2023. "Towards Waste-to-Energy-and-Materials Processes with Advanced Thermochemical Combustion Intelligence in the Circular Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-19, February.

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