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Development of Magnetic Multi-Shelled Hollow Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

Author

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  • Liang Zhou

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
    Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Jingang Yao

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
    Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Zhaoxia Ren

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
    Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Zhenqiang Yu

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
    Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Hongzhen Cai

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
    Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo 255049, China)

Abstract

The magnetic CaO-based catalyst has endorsed great enhancements in biodiesel synthesis. In the present work, novel multi-shelled hollow γ-Fe 2 O 3 stabilized CaO microspheres were synthesized using a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The strategy revealed that the well-defined multi-shelled hollow structures were formed with magnetism; the presence of γ-Fe 2 O 3 was the key for the effective structural stabilization, and the multi-shelled hollow structures provided the sites for the active material. The synthesized catalyst was employed for the preparation of biodiesel by transesterification of palm oil and methanol. A four factors response surface methodology was adopted for optimizing the reaction conditions. Ca80Fe20 with a yield of 96.12% performed the highest catalytic activity under reaction conditions of 2 h, a methanol to oil ratio of 12:1, 65 °C and 11 wt. % of catalyst dosage. The catalyst under the optimum transesterification conditions also performed a better recyclability (>85%). In addition, the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the four reaction parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • Liang Zhou & Jingang Yao & Zhaoxia Ren & Zhenqiang Yu & Hongzhen Cai, 2020. "Development of Magnetic Multi-Shelled Hollow Catalyst for Biodiesel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2754-:d:365579
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xia, Shaige & Li, Jian & Chen, Guanyi & Tao, Junyu & Li, Wanqing & Zhu, Guangbin, 2022. "Magnetic reusable acid-base bifunctional Co doped Fe2O3–CaO nanocatalysts for biodiesel production from soybean oil and waste frying oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 421-434.
    2. Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Hamed & Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Homa & Dehhaghi, Mona & Orooji, Yasin & Mahian, Omid & Shahbeik, Hossein & Kiehbadroudinezhad, Mohammadali & Kalam, Md Abul & Karimi-Maleh, Hassa, 2024. "Nanotechnology applications in biodiesel processing and production: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Wang, Tianyu & Ma, Xiaoling & Bingwa, Ndzondelelo & Yu, Hao & Wang, Yunpu & Li, Guoning & Guo, Min & Xiao, Qiangqiang & Li, Shijie & Zhao, Xudong & Li, Hui, 2024. "A novel bimetallic CaFe-MOF derivative for transesterification: Catalytic performance, characterization, and stability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).

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