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Sliding Mode Observer-Based Load Angle Estimation for Salient-Pole Wound Rotor Synchronous Generators

Author

Listed:
  • Nikola Lopac

    (Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia)

  • Neven Bulic

    (Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia)

  • Niksa Vrkic

    (Hydro Power Plants Department, Hydro South, HEP–Generation Ltd., PSPP Velebit, 23450 Obrovac, Croatia)

Abstract

Synchronous generator load angle is a fundamental quantity for power system stability assessment, with possible real-time applications in protection and excitation control systems. Commonly used methods of load angle determination require additional measuring equipment, while existing research on load angle estimation for wound rotor synchronous generator has been limited to the estimator based on the generator’s phasor diagram and estimators based on artificial neural networks. In this paper, a load angle estimator for salient-pole wound rotor synchronous generator, based on a simple sliding mode observer (SMO) which utilizes field current, stator voltages, and stator currents measurements, is proposed. The conventional SMO structure is improved with use of hyperbolic tangent sigmoid functions, implementation of the second order low-pass filters accompanied with corresponding phase delay compensation, and introduction of an adaptive observer gain proportional to the measured field current value. Several case studies conducted on a generator connected to a power system suggest that the proposed estimator provides an adequate accuracy during active and reactive power disturbances during stable generator operation, outperforming the classical phasor diagram-based estimator by reducing mean squared error by up to 14.10%, mean absolute error by up to 41.55%, and maximum absolute error by up to 8.81%.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikola Lopac & Neven Bulic & Niksa Vrkic, 2019. "Sliding Mode Observer-Based Load Angle Estimation for Salient-Pole Wound Rotor Synchronous Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:9:p:1609-:d:226525
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ivan Višić & Ivan Strnad & Ante Marušić, 2020. "Synchronous Generator Out of Step Detection Using Real Time Load Angle Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-22, June.
    2. Xiaodong Lv & Guangming Zhang & Gang Wang & Mingxiang Zhu & Zhihan Shi & Zhiqing Bai & Igor V. Alexandrov, 2022. "Numerical Analyses and a Nonlinear Composite Controller for a Real-Time Ground Aerodynamic Heating Simulation of a Hypersonic Flying Object," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(16), pages 1-35, August.

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