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System Configuration, Fault Detection, Location, Isolation and Restoration: A Review on LVDC Microgrid Protections

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  • Waqas Javed

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
    Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore (RCET Campus) 54890, Pakistan)

  • Dong Chen

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK)

  • Mohamed Emad Farrag

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK)

  • Yan Xu

    (State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electricity Power University, Beijing 071003, China)

Abstract

Low voltage direct current (LVDC) distribution has gained the significant interest of research due to the advancements in power conversion technologies. However, the use of converters has given rise to several technical issues regarding their protections and controls of such devices under faulty conditions. Post-fault behaviour of converter-fed LVDC system involves both active converter control and passive circuit transient of similar time scale, which makes the protection for LVDC distribution significantly different and more challenging than low voltage AC. These protection and operational issues have handicapped the practical applications of DC distribution. This paper presents state-of-the-art protection schemes developed for DC Microgrids. With a close look at practical limitations such as the dependency on modelling accuracy, requirement on communications and so forth, a comprehensive evaluation is carried out on those system approaches in terms of system configurations, fault detection, location, isolation and restoration.

Suggested Citation

  • Waqas Javed & Dong Chen & Mohamed Emad Farrag & Yan Xu, 2019. "System Configuration, Fault Detection, Location, Isolation and Restoration: A Review on LVDC Microgrid Protections," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-30, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:6:p:1001-:d:213993
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Vitor Fernão Pires & Armando Pires & Armando Cordeiro, 2023. "DC Microgrids: Benefits, Architectures, Perspectives and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, January.
    2. Castillo-Calzadilla, T. & Cuesta, M.A. & Olivares-Rodriguez, C. & Macarulla, A.M. & Legarda, J. & Borges, C.E., 2022. "Is it feasible a massive deployment of low voltage direct current microgrids renewable-based? A technical and social sight," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    3. Geon Kim & Jin Sung Lee & Jin Hyo Park & Hyun Duck Choi & Myoung Jin Lee, 2021. "A Zero Crossing Hybrid Bidirectional DC Circuit Breaker for HVDC Transmission Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Sang-Yong Park & Hyo-Sang Choi, 2021. "Operation Characteristics of Mechanical DC Circuit Breaker Combined with LC Divergence Oscillation Circuit for High Reliability of LVDC System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-17, August.
    5. David Marroqui & Ausias Garrigos & Jose M. Blanes & Roberto Gutierrez, 2019. "Photovoltaic-Driven SiC MOSFET Circuit Breaker with Latching and Current Limiting Capability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-16, December.
    6. Junho Hong & Dmitry Ishchenko & Anil Kondabathini, 2021. "Implementation of Resilient Self-Healing Microgrids with IEC 61850-Based Communications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-16, January.
    7. Ting Wang & Liliuyuan Liang & Xinrang Feng & Ferdinanda Ponci & Antonello Monti, 2021. "Online Parameter Estimation for Fault Identification in Multi-Terminal DC Distribution Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-15, September.
    8. Noor Hussain & Mashood Nasir & Juan Carlos Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2020. "Recent Developments and Challenges on AC Microgrids Fault Detection and Protection Systems–A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-31, May.
    9. Hussain, Muhammed & Dhimish, Mahmoud & Titarenko, Sofya & Mather, Peter, 2020. "Artificial neural network based photovoltaic fault detection algorithm integrating two bi-directional input parameters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 1272-1292.
    10. Srivastava, Chetan & Tripathy, Manoj, 2021. "DC microgrid protection issues and schemes: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    11. Yangfan Chen & Yu Zhang, 2023. "DC Transformers in DC Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-19, March.
    12. Jorge De La Cruz & Eduardo Gómez-Luna & Majid Ali & Juan C. Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2023. "Fault Location for Distribution Smart Grids: Literature Overview, Challenges, Solutions, and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-37, February.

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