IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v11y2018i10p2508-d171202.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Cruise Ship

Author

Listed:
  • Francesco Baldi

    (Industrial Process and Energy Systems Engineering (IPESE), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1950 Sion, Switzerland)

  • Fredrik Ahlgren

    (Kalmar Maritime Academy, Linnaeus University, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden)

  • Tuong-Van Nguyen

    (Laboratory of Environmental and Thermal Engineering, Polytechnic School-University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
    Section of Thermal Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark)

  • Marcus Thern

    (Energy Sciences, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden)

  • Karin Andersson

    (Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden)

Abstract

In recent years, the International Maritime Organization agreed on aiming to reduce shipping’s greenhouse gas emissions by 50% with respect to 2009 levels. Meanwhile, cruise ship tourism is growing at a fast pace, making the challenge of achieving this goal even harder. The complexity of the energy system of these ships makes them of particular interest from an energy systems perspective. To illustrate this, we analyzed the energy and exergy flow rates of a cruise ship sailing in the Baltic Sea based on measurements from one year of the ship’s operations. The energy analysis allows identifying propulsion as the main energy user (46% of the total) followed by heat (27%) and electric power (27%) generation; the exergy analysis allowed instead identifying the main inefficiencies of the system: while exergy is primarily destroyed in all processes involving combustion (76% of the total), the other main causes of exergy destruction are the turbochargers, the heat recovery steam generators, the steam heaters, the preheater in the accommodation heating systems, the sea water coolers, and the electric generators; the main exergy losses take place in the exhaust gas of the engines not equipped with heat recovery devices. The application of clustering of the ship’s operations based on the concept of typical operational days suggests that the use of five typical days provides a good approximation of the yearly ship’s operations and can hence be used for the design and optimization of the energy systems of the ship.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Baldi & Fredrik Ahlgren & Tuong-Van Nguyen & Marcus Thern & Karin Andersson, 2018. "Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Cruise Ship," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-41, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:10:p:2508-:d:171202
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/10/2508/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/10/2508/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sadeghinezhad, E. & Kazi, S.N. & Sadeghinejad, Foad & Badarudin, A. & Mehrali, Mohammad & Sadri, Rad & Reza Safaei, Mohammad, 2014. "A comprehensive literature review of bio-fuel performance in internal combustion engine and relevant costs involvement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 29-44.
    2. Mondejar, M.E. & Andreasen, J.G. & Pierobon, L. & Larsen, U. & Thern, M. & Haglind, F., 2018. "A review of the use of organic Rankine cycle power systems for maritime applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 126-151.
    3. Szargut, Jan, 1989. "Chemical exergies of the elements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 269-286.
    4. Mondejar, Maria E. & Ahlgren, Fredrik & Thern, Marcus & Genrup, Magnus, 2017. "Quasi-steady state simulation of an organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery in a passenger vessel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1324-1335.
    5. Sakalis, George N. & Frangopoulos, Christos A., 2018. "Intertemporal optimization of synthesis, design and operation of integrated energy systems of ships: General method and application on a system with Diesel main engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 991-1008.
    6. Morten Simonsen & Hans Jakob Walnum & Stefan Gössling, 2018. "Model for Estimation of Fuel Consumption of Cruise Ships," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-29, April.
    7. Shu, Gequn & Liang, Youcai & Wei, Haiqiao & Tian, Hua & Zhao, Jian & Liu, Lina, 2013. "A review of waste heat recovery on two-stroke IC engine aboard ships," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 385-401.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Niknam, Pouriya H. & Fisher, Robin & Ciappi, Lorenzo & Sciacovelli, Adriano, 2024. "Optimally integrated waste heat recovery through combined emerging thermal technologies: Modelling, optimization and assessment for onboard multi-energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 366(C).
    2. Dettù, Federico & Pozzato, Gabriele & Rizzo, Denise M. & Onori, Simona, 2021. "Exergy-based modeling framework for hybrid and electric ground vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    3. Zongming Yang & Dmytro Konovalov & Mykola Radchenko & Roman Radchenko & Halina Kobalava & Andrii Radchenko & Victoria Kornienko, 2022. "Analysis of Efficiency of Thermopressor Application for Internal Combustion Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-29, March.
    4. Ritari, Antti & Huotari, Janne & Halme, Jukka & Tammi, Kari, 2020. "Hybrid electric topology for short sea ships with high auxiliary power availability requirement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    5. Jarosław Artyszuk & Paweł Zalewski, 2021. "Energy Savings by Optimization of Thrusters Allocation during Complex Ship Manoeuvres," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-19, August.
    6. Trivyza, Nikoletta L. & Rentizelas, Athanasios & Theotokatos, Gerasimos & Boulougouris, Evangelos, 2022. "Decision support methods for sustainable ship energy systems: A state-of-the-art review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    7. Ortiz-Imedio, Rafael & Caglayan, Dilara Gulcin & Ortiz, Alfredo & Heinrichs, Heidi & Robinius, Martin & Stolten, Detlef & Ortiz, Inmaculada, 2021. "Power-to-Ships: Future electricity and hydrogen demands for shipping on the Atlantic coast of Europe in 2050," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    8. Simonsen, Morten & Gössling, Stefan & Walnum, Hans Jakob, 2019. "Cruise ship emissions in Norwegian waters: A geographical analysis," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 87-97.
    9. Bolbot, Victor & Trivyza, Nikoletta L. & Theotokatos, Gerasimos & Boulougouris, Evangelos & Rentizelas, Athanasios & Vassalos, Dracos, 2020. "Cruise ships power plant optimisation and comparative analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    10. Enrico Baldasso & Maria E. Mondejar & Ulrik Larsen & Fredrik Haglind, 2020. "Regression Models for the Evaluation of the Techno-Economic Potential of Organic Rankine Cycle-Based Waste Heat Recovery Systems on Board Ships Using Low Sulfur Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-20, March.
    11. Andrea Frazzica & Marco Manzan & Valeria Palomba & Vincenza Brancato & Angelo Freni & Amedeo Pezzi & Bianca M. Vaglieco, 2022. "Experimental Validation and Numerical Simulation of a Hybrid Sensible-Latent Thermal Energy Storage for Hot Water Provision on Ships," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-23, April.
    12. Baldi, Francesco & Moret, Stefano & Tammi, Kari & Maréchal, François, 2020. "The role of solid oxide fuel cells in future ship energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    13. Peter L. Borland & Kevin McDonnell & Mary Harty, 2023. "Assessment of the Potential to Use the Expelled Heat Energy from a Typical Data Centre in Ireland for Alternative Farming Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-32, September.
    14. Petronilla Fragiacomo & Francesco Piraino & Matteo Genovese & Orlando Corigliano & Giuseppe De Lorenzo, 2023. "Experimental Activities on a Hydrogen-Powered Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System and Guidelines for Its Implementation in Aviation and Maritime Sectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-25, July.
    15. Barone, G. & Buonomano, A. & Forzano, C. & Palombo, A., 2021. "Implementing the dynamic simulation approach for the design and optimization of ships energy systems: Methodology and applicability to modern cruise ships," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    16. Dario Barsi & Matteo Luzzi & Francesca Satta & Pietro Zunino, 2021. "On the Possible Introduction of Mini Gas Turbine Cycles Onboard Ships for Heat and Power Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-12, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Trivyza, Nikoletta L. & Rentizelas, Athanasios & Theotokatos, Gerasimos & Boulougouris, Evangelos, 2022. "Decision support methods for sustainable ship energy systems: A state-of-the-art review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    2. Catapano, F. & Frazzica, A. & Freni, A. & Manzan, M. & Micheli, D. & Palomba, V. & Sementa, P. & Vaglieco, B.M., 2022. "Development and experimental testing of an integrated prototype based on Stirling, ORC and a latent thermal energy storage system for waste heat recovery in naval application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    3. Nuchturee, Chalermkiat & Li, Tie & Xia, Hongpu, 2020. "Energy efficiency of integrated electric propulsion for ships – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    4. Xing, Hui & Spence, Stephen & Chen, Hua, 2020. "A comprehensive review on countermeasures for CO2 emissions from ships," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    5. Alklaibi, A.M. & Lior, N., 2021. "Waste heat utilization from internal combustion engines for power augmentation and refrigeration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    6. Zhu, Sipeng & Ma, Zetai & Zhang, Kun & Deng, Kangyao, 2020. "Energy and exergy analysis of the combined cycle power plant recovering waste heat from the marine two-stroke engine under design and off-design conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    7. Rech, Sergio & Zandarin, Simone & Lazzaretto, Andrea & Frangopoulos, Christos A., 2017. "Design and off-design models of single and two-stage ORC systems on board a LNG carrier for the search of the optimal performance and control strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 221-241.
    8. Mat Nawi, Z. & Kamarudin, S.K. & Sheikh Abdullah, S.R. & Lam, S.S., 2019. "The potential of exhaust waste heat recovery (WHR) from marine diesel engines via organic rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 17-31.
    9. Zhu, Sipeng & Zhang, Kun & Deng, Kangyao, 2020. "A review of waste heat recovery from the marine engine with highly efficient bottoming power cycles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    10. Geertsma, R.D. & Visser, K. & Negenborn, R.R., 2018. "Adaptive pitch control for ships with diesel mechanical and hybrid propulsion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2490-2509.
    11. Olusegun David Samuel & Peter A. Aigba & Thien Khanh Tran & H. Fayaz & Carlo Pastore & Oguzhan Der & Ali Erçetin & Christopher C. Enweremadu & Ahmad Mustafa, 2023. "Comparison of the Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of Hydrodynamic Cavitation and Mechanical Stirring Reactors for the Production of Sustainable Hevea brasiliensis Ethyl Ester," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-27, November.
    12. Luo, Xiaobo & Wang, Meihong, 2017. "Study of solvent-based carbon capture for cargo ships through process modelling and simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 402-413.
    13. Stanek, Wojciech & Czarnowska, Lucyna, 2018. "Thermo-ecological cost – Szargut's proposal on exergy and ecology connection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 1050-1059.
    14. Zhang, Chen & Sun, Zongxuan, 2017. "Trajectory-based combustion control for renewable fuels in free piston engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 72-83.
    15. Peralta-Ruiz, Y. & González-Delgado, A.-D. & Kafarov, V., 2013. "Evaluation of alternatives for microalgae oil extraction based on exergy analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 226-236.
    16. Chen, B. & Chen, G.Q., 2007. "Modified ecological footprint accounting and analysis based on embodied exergy--a case study of the Chinese society 1981-2001," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2-3), pages 355-376, March.
    17. Hao, Xiaoqing & An, Haizhong & Qi, Hai & Gao, Xiangyun, 2016. "Evolution of the exergy flow network embodied in the global fossil energy trade: Based on complex network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1515-1522.
    18. Yao, Xiwen & Zhao, Zhicheng & Li, Jishuo & Zhang, Bohan & Zhou, Haodong & Xu, Kaili, 2020. "Experimental investigation of physicochemical and slagging characteristics of inorganic constituents in ash residues from gasification of different herbaceous biomass," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    19. Chen, G.Q. & Qi, Z.H., 2007. "Systems account of societal exergy utilization: China 2003," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 208(2), pages 102-118.
    20. Khalili-Garakani, Amirhossein & Ivakpour, Javad & Kasiri, Norollah, 2016. "Evolutionary synthesis of optimum light ends recovery unit with exergy analysis application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 507-522.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:10:p:2508-:d:171202. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.