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Integrated Equivalent Circuit and Thermal Model for Simulation of Temperature-Dependent LiFePO 4 Battery in Actual Embedded Application

Author

Listed:
  • Zuchang Gao

    (School of Engineering, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Avenue 1, Singapore 529757, Singapore)

  • Cheng Siong Chin

    (School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK)

  • Wai Lok Woo

    (School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK)

  • Junbo Jia

    (School of Engineering, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Avenue 1, Singapore 529757, Singapore)

Abstract

A computational efficient battery pack model with thermal consideration is essential for simulation prototyping before real-time embedded implementation. The proposed model provides a coupled equivalent circuit and convective thermal model to determine the state-of-charge (SOC) and temperature of the LiFePO 4 battery working in a real environment. A cell balancing strategy applied to the proposed temperature-dependent battery model balanced the SOC of each cell to increase the lifespan of the battery. The simulation outputs are validated by a set of independent experimental data at a different temperature to ensure the model validity and reliability. The results show a root mean square (RMS) error of 1.5609 × 10 −5 for the terminal voltage and the comparison between the simulation and experiment at various temperatures (from 5 °C to 45 °C) shows a maximum RMS error of 7.2078 × 10 −5 .

Suggested Citation

  • Zuchang Gao & Cheng Siong Chin & Wai Lok Woo & Junbo Jia, 2017. "Integrated Equivalent Circuit and Thermal Model for Simulation of Temperature-Dependent LiFePO 4 Battery in Actual Embedded Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:85-:d:87554
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammed Alhanouti & Martin Gießler & Thomas Blank & Frank Gauterin, 2016. "New Electro-Thermal Battery Pack Model of an Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Ming-Hui Chang & Han-Pang Huang & Shu-Wei Chang, 2013. "A New State of Charge Estimation Method for LiFePO 4 Battery Packs Used in Robots," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-24, April.
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    2. Minhwan Seo & Taedong Goh & Minjun Park & Sang Woo Kim, 2018. "Detection Method for Soft Internal Short Circuit in Lithium-Ion Battery Pack by Extracting Open Circuit Voltage of Faulted Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-18, June.
    3. Anandh Ramesh Babu & Jelena Andric & Blago Minovski & Simone Sebben, 2021. "System-Level Modeling and Thermal Simulations of Large Battery Packs for Electric Trucks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    4. Corey T. Love & Matthieu Dubarry & Tatyana Reshetenko & Arnaud Devie & Neil Spinner & Karen E. Swider-Lyons & Richard Rocheleau, 2018. "Lithium-Ion Cell Fault Detection by Single-Point Impedance Diagnostic and Degradation Mechanism Validation for Series-Wired Batteries Cycled at 0 °C," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-19, April.
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    7. Xiaolin Wang & Ka Wai Eric Cheng & Yat Chi Fong, 2018. "Non-Equal Voltage Cell Balancing for Battery and Super-Capacitor Source Package Management System Using Tapped Inductor Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-12, April.
    8. Ruifeng Zhang & Bizhong Xia & Baohua Li & Libo Cao & Yongzhi Lai & Weiwei Zheng & Huawen Wang & Wei Wang, 2018. "State of the Art of Lithium-Ion Battery SOC Estimation for Electrical Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-36, July.
    9. Mina Naguib & Aashit Rathore & Nathan Emery & Shiva Ghasemi & Ryan Ahmed, 2023. "Robust Electro-Thermal Modeling of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electrified Vehicles Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-20, August.
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    12. Norihiro Shimoi & Kazuyuki Tohji, 2022. "Simple Diagnosis of Lifetime Characteristics of Used Automotive Storage Battery Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-9, November.
    13. Sunghun Jung & Heon Jeong, 2017. "Extended Kalman Filter-Based State of Charge and State of Power Estimation Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Li-Po Battery Packs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.
    14. Cheng Siong Chin & Zuchang Gao, 2018. "State-of-Charge Estimation of Battery Pack under Varying Ambient Temperature Using an Adaptive Sequential Extreme Learning Machine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-30, March.
    15. Ruifeng Zhang & Bizhong Xia & Baohua Li & Yongzhi Lai & Weiwei Zheng & Huawen Wang & Wei Wang & Mingwang Wang, 2018. "Study on the Characteristics of a High Capacity Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium-Ion Battery—An Experimental Investigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, August.
    16. Sergio Mayrink & Janaína G. Oliveira & Bruno H. Dias & Leonardo W. Oliveira & Juan S. Ochoa & Gustavo S. Rosseti, 2020. "Regenerative Braking for Energy Recovering in Diesel-Electric Freight Trains: A Technical and Economic Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    17. Xintian Liu & Zhihao Wan & Yao He & Xinxin Zheng & Guojian Zeng & Jiangfeng Zhang, 2018. "A Unified Control Strategy for Inductor-Based Active Battery Equalisation Schemes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, February.
    18. Shun Xiang & Guangdi Hu & Ruisen Huang & Feng Guo & Pengkai Zhou, 2018. "Lithium-Ion Battery Online Rapid State-of-Power Estimation under Multiple Constraints," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-20, January.
    19. Nursaid Polater & Pietro Tricoli, 2022. "Technical Review of Traction Drive Systems for Light Railways," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-26, April.
    20. Xiao Yang & Long Chen & Xing Xu & Wei Wang & Qiling Xu & Yuzhen Lin & Zhiguang Zhou, 2017. "Parameter Identification of Electrochemical Model for Vehicular Lithium-Ion Battery Based on Particle Swarm Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-16, November.
    21. Cheng Siong Chin & Zuchang Gao & Joel Hay King Chiew & Caizhi Zhang, 2018. "Nonlinear Temperature-Dependent State Model of Cylindrical LiFePO 4 Battery for Open-Circuit Voltage, Terminal Voltage and State-of-Charge Estimation with Extended Kalman Filter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-28, September.
    22. Chuan-Wei Zhang & Ke-Jun Xu & Lin-Yang Li & Man-Zhi Yang & Huai-Bin Gao & Shang-Rui Chen, 2018. "Study on a Battery Thermal Management System Based on a Thermoelectric Effect," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-15, January.
    23. Lijun Zhang & Zhongqiang Mu & Xiangyu Gao, 2018. "Coupling Analysis and Performance Study of Commercial 18650 Lithium-Ion Batteries under Conditions of Temperature and Vibration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-27, October.

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