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Impact of Different Driving Cycles and Operating Conditions on CO 2 Emissions and Energy Management Strategies of a Euro-6 Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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  • Claudio Cubito

    (Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Federico Millo

    (Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Giulio Boccardo

    (Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Di Pierro

    (Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Biagio Ciuffo

    (Joint Research Centre—European Commission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Georgios Fontaras

    (Joint Research Centre—European Commission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Simone Serra

    (Joint Research Centre—European Commission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Marcos Otura Garcia

    (Joint Research Centre—European Commission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Germana Trentadue

    (Joint Research Centre—European Commission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

Abstract

Although Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) represent one of the key technologies to reduce CO 2 emissions, their effective potential in real world driving conditions strongly depends on the performance of their Energy Management System (EMS) and on its capability to maximize the efficiency of the powertrain in real life as well as during Type Approval (TA) tests. Attempting to close the gap between TA and real world CO 2 emissions, the European Commission has decided to introduce from September 2017 the Worldwide Harmonized Light duty Test Procedure (WLTP), replacing the previous procedure based on the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). The aim of this work is the analysis of the impact of different driving cycles and operating conditions on CO 2 emissions and on energy management strategies of a Euro-6 HEV through the limited number of information available from the chassis dyno tests. The vehicle was tested considering different initial battery State of Charge (SOC), ranging from 40% to 65%, and engine coolant temperatures, from −7 °C to 70 °C. The change of test conditions from NEDC to WLTP was shown to lead to a significant reduction of the electric drive and to about a 30% increase of CO 2 emissions. However, since the specific energy demand of WLTP is about 50% higher than that of NEDC, these results demonstrate that the EMS strategies of the tested vehicle can achieve, in test conditions closer to real life, even higher efficiency levels than those that are currently evaluated on the NEDC, and prove the effectiveness of HEV technology to reduce CO 2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Cubito & Federico Millo & Giulio Boccardo & Giuseppe Di Pierro & Biagio Ciuffo & Georgios Fontaras & Simone Serra & Marcos Otura Garcia & Germana Trentadue, 2017. "Impact of Different Driving Cycles and Operating Conditions on CO 2 Emissions and Energy Management Strategies of a Euro-6 Hybrid Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1590-:d:114826
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    12. Maksymilian Mądziel & Tiziana Campisi & Artur Jaworski & Giovanni Tesoriere, 2021. "The Development of Strategies to Reduce Exhaust Emissions from Passenger Cars in Rzeszow City—Poland. A Preliminary Assessment of the Results Produced by the Increase of E-Fleet," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    13. Ross Milligan & Saioa Etxebarria & Tariq Muneer & Eulalia Jadraque Gago, 2019. "Driven Performance of Electric Vehicles in Edinburgh and Its Environs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-22, August.
    14. Solmaz, Hamit & Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin & Calam, Alper & Yılmaz, Emre & İpci, Duygu, 2021. "Prediction of performance and exhaust emissions of a CI engine fueled with multi-wall carbon nanotube doped biodiesel-diesel blends using response surface method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    15. Santiago Martinez-Boggio & Javier Monsalve-Serrano & Antonio García & Pedro Curto-Risso, 2023. "High Degree of Electrification in Heavy-Duty Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-20, April.
    16. Xinglong Liu & Fuquan Zhao & Han Hao & Kangda Chen & Zongwei Liu & Hassan Babiker & Amer Ahmad Amer, 2020. "From NEDC to WLTP: Effect on the Energy Consumption, NEV Credits, and Subsidies Policies of PHEV in the Chinese Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-19, July.
    17. Andrzej Ziółkowski & Paweł Fuć & Aleks Jagielski & Maciej Bednarek & Szymon Konieczka, 2023. "Comparison of the Energy Consumption and Exhaust Emissions between Hybrid and Conventional Vehicles, as Well as Electric Vehicles Fitted with a Range Extender," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-17, June.
    18. Guilherme Medeiros Soares de Andrade & Fernando Wesley Cavalcanti de Araújo & Maurício Pereira Magalhães de Novaes Santos & Fabio Santana Magnani, 2020. "Standardized Comparison of 40 Local Driving Cycles: Energy and Kinematics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-20, October.
    19. Da Wang & Chuanxue Song & Yulong Shao & Shixin Song & Silun Peng & Feng Xiao, 2018. "Optimal Control Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles in the Warm-Up Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, April.

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