IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i12p4669-d1169519.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparison of the Energy Consumption and Exhaust Emissions between Hybrid and Conventional Vehicles, as Well as Electric Vehicles Fitted with a Range Extender

Author

Listed:
  • Andrzej Ziółkowski

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-695 Poznan, Poland)

  • Paweł Fuć

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-695 Poznan, Poland)

  • Aleks Jagielski

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-695 Poznan, Poland)

  • Maciej Bednarek

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-695 Poznan, Poland)

  • Szymon Konieczka

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-695 Poznan, Poland)

Abstract

The introduction of new Euro exhaust emission standards and CO 2 limits has forced carmakers to implement alternative hybrid and electric powertrains. We are observing a dynamic advancement of this sector. The authors’ primary motivation was to perform a series of measurements of the exhaust emissions and fuel mileages from vehicles fitted with hybrid, conventional and electric (range extender) powertrains. Three vehicles were used in the research project. The first one was a passenger car with a full hybrid powertrain. The vehicle was fitted with a 1.6 dm 3 spark ignition engine. The second one was fitted with a 2.2 dm 3 diesel engine. The third one was fitted with a 125 kW electric motor and a 28 kW combustion engine used as a range extender. The investigations were carried out according to the RDE (Real Driving Emission) methodology on a test route composed of urban, rural and highway portions. The test route was set in the Poznan agglomeration, and its distance was approx. 80 km. For the measurements, the authors used SEMTECH-DS from the PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) equipment group. Based on the obtained results, the authors validated the test route in terms of the RDE compliance and determined the exhaust emissions and fuel mileages. The authors also analyzed the influence of the conditions of the measurements on the powertrain characteristics of each of the tested vehicles.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrzej Ziółkowski & Paweł Fuć & Aleks Jagielski & Maciej Bednarek & Szymon Konieczka, 2023. "Comparison of the Energy Consumption and Exhaust Emissions between Hybrid and Conventional Vehicles, as Well as Electric Vehicles Fitted with a Range Extender," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:12:p:4669-:d:1169519
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/12/4669/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/12/4669/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Claudio Cubito & Federico Millo & Giulio Boccardo & Giuseppe Di Pierro & Biagio Ciuffo & Georgios Fontaras & Simone Serra & Marcos Otura Garcia & Germana Trentadue, 2017. "Impact of Different Driving Cycles and Operating Conditions on CO 2 Emissions and Energy Management Strategies of a Euro-6 Hybrid Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, October.
    2. H. Christopher Frey & Xiaohui Zheng & Jiangchuan Hu, 2020. "Variability in Measured Real-World Operational Energy Use and Emission Rates of a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-23, March.
    3. Jacek Pielecha & Kinga Skobiej & Karolina Kurtyka, 2020. "Exhaust Emissions and Energy Consumption Analysis of Conventional, Hybrid, and Electric Vehicles in Real Driving Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-21, December.
    4. Jarosław Mamala & Michał Śmieja & Krzysztof Prażnowski, 2021. "Analysis of the Total Unit Energy Consumption of a Car with a Hybrid Drive System in Real Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, July.
    5. Anastasios Melas & Tommaso Selleri & Jacopo Franzetti & Christian Ferrarese & Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa & Barouch Giechaskiel, 2022. "On-Road and Laboratory Emissions from Three Gasoline Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles-Part 2: Solid Particle Number Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-15, July.
    6. Maciej Siedlecki & Natalia Szymlet & Paweł Fuć & Beata Kurc, 2022. "Analysis of the Possibilities of Reduction of Exhaust Emissions from a Farm Tractor by Retrofitting Exhaust Aftertreatment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Artur Jaworski & Hubert Kuszewski & Krzysztof Lew & Paweł Wojewoda & Krzysztof Balawender & Paweł Woś & Rafał Longwic & Sergii Boichenko, 2023. "Assessment of the Effect of Road Load on Energy Consumption and Exhaust Emissions of a Hybrid Vehicle in an Urban Road Driving Cycle—Comparison of Road and Chassis Dynamometer Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-20, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Artur Jaworski & Hubert Kuszewski & Krzysztof Lew & Paweł Wojewoda & Krzysztof Balawender & Paweł Woś & Rafał Longwic & Sergii Boichenko, 2023. "Assessment of the Effect of Road Load on Energy Consumption and Exhaust Emissions of a Hybrid Vehicle in an Urban Road Driving Cycle—Comparison of Road and Chassis Dynamometer Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Gloria Pignatta & Navid Balazadeh, 2022. "Hybrid Vehicles as a Transition for Full E-Mobility Achievement in Positive Energy Districts: A Comparative Assessment of Real-Driving Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Piotr Pryciński & Piotr Pielecha & Jarosław Korzeb & Jacek Pielecha & Mariusz Kostrzewski & Ahmed Eliwa, 2024. "Air Pollutant Emissions of Passenger Cars in Poland in Terms of Their Environmental Impact and Type of Energy Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-21, October.
    4. Youssef Amry & Elhoussin Elbouchikhi & Franck Le Gall & Mounir Ghogho & Soumia El Hani, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Traction Drives and Charging Station Power Electronics: Current Status and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-30, August.
    5. Solmaz, Hamit & Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin & Calam, Alper & Yılmaz, Emre & İpci, Duygu, 2021. "Prediction of performance and exhaust emissions of a CI engine fueled with multi-wall carbon nanotube doped biodiesel-diesel blends using response surface method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    6. Slavin Viktor & Shuba Yevheniy & Caban Jacek & Matijosius Jonas & Rimkus Alfredas & Korpach Anatolii & Gutarevych Serhiy, 2022. "The Performance of a Car with Various Engine Power Systems – Part II," LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics, Sciendo, vol. 13(1), pages 141-151, January.
    7. Xinglong Liu & Fuquan Zhao & Han Hao & Kangda Chen & Zongwei Liu & Hassan Babiker & Amer Ahmad Amer, 2020. "From NEDC to WLTP: Effect on the Energy Consumption, NEV Credits, and Subsidies Policies of PHEV in the Chinese Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-19, July.
    8. Da Wang & Chuanxue Song & Yulong Shao & Shixin Song & Silun Peng & Feng Xiao, 2018. "Optimal Control Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles in the Warm-Up Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, April.
    9. Tolgahan Kaya & Osman Akın Kutlar & Ozgur Oguz Taskiran, 2018. "Evaluation of the Effects of Biodiesel on Emissions and Performance by Comparing the Results of the New European Drive Cycle and Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    10. Barouch Giechaskiel & Dimitrios Komnos & Georgios Fontaras, 2021. "Impacts of Extreme Ambient Temperatures and Road Gradient on Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emissions of a Euro 6d-Temp Gasoline Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
    11. Michael Bohm & Josef Stetina & David Svida, 2022. "Exhaust Gas Temperature Pulsations of a Gasoline Engine and Its Stabilization Using Thermal Energy Storage System to Reduce Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, March.
    12. Manfred Dollinger & Gerhard Fischerauer, 2023. "Physics-Based Prediction for the Consumption and Emissions of Passenger Vehicles and Light Trucks up to 2050," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-29, April.
    13. Jacek Pielecha & Kinga Skobiej & Przemyslaw Kubiak & Marek Wozniak & Krzysztof Siczek, 2022. "Exhaust Emissions from Plug-in and HEV Vehicles in Type-Approval Tests and Real Driving Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-38, March.
    14. Mariusz Izdebski & Marianna Jacyna, 2021. "An Efficient Hybrid Algorithm for Energy Expenditure Estimation for Electric Vehicles in Urban Service Enterprises," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-23, April.
    15. Witsarut Achariyaviriya & Wongkot Wongsapai & Kittitat Janpoom & Tossapon Katongtung & Yuttana Mona & Nakorn Tippayawong & Pana Suttakul, 2023. "Estimating Energy Consumption of Battery Electric Vehicles Using Vehicle Sensor Data and Machine Learning Approaches," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-14, September.
    16. Zvonimir Dabčević & Branimir Škugor & Jakov Topić & Joško Deur, 2022. "Synthesis of Driving Cycles Based on Low-Sampling-Rate Vehicle-Tracking Data and Markov Chain Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, June.
    17. Chi Zhang & Binyue Xu & Jasronita Jasni & Mohd Amran Mohd Radzi & Norhafiz Azis & Qi Zhang, 2023. "Three Voltage Vector Duty Cycle Optimization Strategy of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Driving System for New Energy Electric Vehicles Based on Finite Set Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-18, March.
    18. Kazimierz Lejda & Artur Jaworski & Maksymilian Mądziel & Krzysztof Balawender & Adam Ustrzycki & Danylo Savostin-Kosiak, 2021. "Assessment of Petrol and Natural Gas Vehicle Carbon Oxides Emissions in the Laboratory and On-Road Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    19. Fabio Orecchini & Adriano Santiangeli & Fabrizio Zuccari & Adriano Alessandrini & Fabio Cignini & Fernando Ortenzi, 2021. "Real Drive Truth Test of the Toyota Yaris Hybrid 2020 and Energy Analysis Comparison with the 2017 Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-22, December.
    20. Wojciech Gis & Maciej Gis & Jacek Pielecha & Kinga Skobiej, 2021. "Alternative Exhaust Emission Factors from Vehicles in On-Road Driving Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-23, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    combustion engines; RDE; PEMS; HEV; PHEV;
    All these keywords.

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:12:p:4669-:d:1169519. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.