IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i6p1631-d517141.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessment of Petrol and Natural Gas Vehicle Carbon Oxides Emissions in the Laboratory and On-Road Tests

Author

Listed:
  • Kazimierz Lejda

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Artur Jaworski

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Maksymilian Mądziel

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Balawender

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Adam Ustrzycki

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Danylo Savostin-Kosiak

    (Department of Motor Vehicle Maintenance and Service, Faculty of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, National Transport University, 02000 Kyiv, Ukraine)

Abstract

The problem of global warming and the related climate change requires solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in particular CO 2 . As a result, newly manufactured cars consume less fuel and emit lower amounts of CO 2 . In terms of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption, old cars are significantly inferior to the more recent models. In Poland, for instance, the average age of passenger cars is approximately 13 years. Therefore, apart from developing new solutions in the cars produced today, it is important to focus on measures that enable the reduction in CO 2 emissions in older vehicles. These methods include the adaptation of used cars to run on gaseous fuels. Natural gas is a hydrocarbon fuel that is particularly preferred in terms of CO 2 emissions. The article presents the results of research of carbon oxides emission (CO, CO 2 ) in the exhaust gas of a passenger car fueled by petrol and natural gas. The emissions were measured under the conditions of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) test and in real road tests. The test results confirm that compared to petrol, a CNG vehicle allows for a significant reduction in CO 2 and CO emissions in a car that is several years old, especially in urban traffic conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazimierz Lejda & Artur Jaworski & Maksymilian Mądziel & Krzysztof Balawender & Adam Ustrzycki & Danylo Savostin-Kosiak, 2021. "Assessment of Petrol and Natural Gas Vehicle Carbon Oxides Emissions in the Laboratory and On-Road Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:6:p:1631-:d:517141
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/6/1631/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/6/1631/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Claudio Cubito & Federico Millo & Giulio Boccardo & Giuseppe Di Pierro & Biagio Ciuffo & Georgios Fontaras & Simone Serra & Marcos Otura Garcia & Germana Trentadue, 2017. "Impact of Different Driving Cycles and Operating Conditions on CO 2 Emissions and Energy Management Strategies of a Euro-6 Hybrid Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Luis Rivera-González & David Bolonio & Luis F. Mazadiego & Sebastián Naranjo-Silva & Kenny Escobar-Segovia, 2020. "Long-Term Forecast of Energy and Fuels Demand Towards a Sustainable Road Transport Sector in Ecuador (2016–2035): A LEAP Model Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-26, January.
    3. Hyung Jun Kim & Sang Hyun Lee & Sang Il Kwon & Sangki Park & Jonghak Lee & Ji Hoon Keel & Jong Tae Lee & Suhan Park, 2020. "Investigation of the Emission Characteristics of Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles in Korea Based on EURO-VI Standards According to Type of After-Treatment System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-18, September.
    4. Maksymilian Mądziel & Tiziana Campisi & Artur Jaworski & Giovanni Tesoriere, 2021. "The Development of Strategies to Reduce Exhaust Emissions from Passenger Cars in Rzeszow City—Poland. A Preliminary Assessment of the Results Produced by the Increase of E-Fleet," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Olja Čokorilo & Ivan Ivković & Snežana Kaplanović, 2019. "Prediction of Exhaust Emission Costs in Air and Road Transportation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-18, August.
    6. Xin Tan & Penglin Zhang & Junqiang Wang & Jiewen Hong, 2019. "Research on Urban Bearing Capacity of Gas Supply Stations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-23, December.
    7. Osamu Shimizu & Sakahisa Nagai & Toshiyuki Fujita & Hiroshi Fujimoto, 2020. "Potential for CO 2 Reduction by Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Passenger Vehicles in Japan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-16, June.
    8. Reham Alhindawi & Yousef Abu Nahleh & Arun Kumar & Nirajan Shiwakoti, 2020. "Projection of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Road Transport Sector Based on Multivariate Regression and the Double Exponential Smoothing Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, November.
    9. Pan & Lei Tao & Kang Sun & Levi M. Golston & David J. Miller & Tong Zhu & Yue Qin & Yan Zhang & Denise L. Mauzerall & Mark A. Zondlo, 2020. "Methane emissions from natural gas vehicles in China," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-10, December.
    10. Fontaras, Georgios & Dilara, Panagiota, 2012. "The evolution of European passenger car characteristics 2000–2010 and its effects on real-world CO2 emissions and CO2 reduction policy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 719-730.
    11. Timothy Bodisco & Ali Zare, 2019. "Practicalities and Driving Dynamics of a Real Driving Emissions (RDE) Euro 6 Regulation Homologation Test," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-19, June.
    12. Kangjin Kim & Wonyong Chung & Myungsoo Kim & Charyung Kim & Cha-Lee Myung & Simsoo Park, 2020. "Inspection of PN, CO 2 , and Regulated Gaseous Emissions Characteristics from a GDI Vehicle under Various Real-World Vehicle Test Modes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-17, May.
    13. Sangchul Ko & Junhong Park & Hyungjun Kim & Gunwoo Kang & Jongchul Lee & Jongmin Kim & Jongtae Lee, 2020. "NOx Emissions from Euro 5 and Euro 6 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles under Real Driving Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kinga Skobiej & Jacek Pielecha, 2022. "Analysis of the Exhaust Emissions of Hybrid Vehicles for the Current and Future RDE Driving Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Maksymilian Mądziel, 2023. "Liquified Petroleum Gas-Fuelled Vehicle CO 2 Emission Modelling Based on Portable Emission Measurement System, On-Board Diagnostics Data, and Gradient-Boosting Machine Learning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Mirosław Karczewski & Marcin Wieczorek, 2021. "Assessment of the Impact of Applying a Non-Factory Dual-Fuel (Diesel/Natural Gas) Installation on the Traction Properties and Emissions of Selected Exhaust Components of a Road Semi-Trailer Truck Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-27, November.
    4. Artur Jaworski & Hubert Kuszewski & Krzysztof Lew & Paweł Wojewoda & Krzysztof Balawender & Paweł Woś & Rafał Longwic & Sergii Boichenko, 2023. "Assessment of the Effect of Road Load on Energy Consumption and Exhaust Emissions of a Hybrid Vehicle in an Urban Road Driving Cycle—Comparison of Road and Chassis Dynamometer Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-20, July.
    5. Joseph Akpan & Oludolapo Olanrewaju, 2023. "Sustainable Energy Development: History and Recent Advances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-44, October.
    6. Andrzej Ziółkowski & Paweł Fuć & Piotr Lijewski & Aleks Jagielski & Maciej Bednarek & Władysław Kusiak, 2022. "Analysis of Exhaust Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Different Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-21, October.
    7. Piotr Pryciński & Róża Wawryszczuk & Jarosław Korzeb & Piotr Pielecha, 2023. "Indicator Method for Determining the Emissivity of Road Transport Means from the Point of Supplied Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-22, June.
    8. Peter Tapak & Michal Kocur & Juraj Matej, 2023. "On-Board Fuel Consumption Meter Field Testing Results," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-14, September.
    9. Norbert Zsiga & Johannes Ritzmann & Patrik Soltic, 2021. "Practical Aspects of Cylinder Deactivation and Reactivation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maksymilian Mądziel, 2023. "Vehicle Emission Models and Traffic Simulators: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-31, May.
    2. Rafidah Md Noor & Nadia Bella Gustiani Rasyidi & Tarak Nandy & Raenu Kolandaisamy, 2020. "Campus Shuttle Bus Route Optimization Using Machine Learning Predictive Analysis: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-24, December.
    3. Andrzej Ziółkowski & Paweł Fuć & Piotr Lijewski & Aleks Jagielski & Maciej Bednarek & Władysław Kusiak, 2022. "Analysis of Exhaust Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Different Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-21, October.
    4. Sascha Krysmon & Frank Dorscheidt & Johannes Claßen & Marc Düzgün & Stefan Pischinger, 2021. "Real Driving Emissions—Conception of a Data-Driven Calibration Methodology for Hybrid Powertrains Combining Statistical Analysis and Virtual Calibration Platforms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-27, August.
    5. Jasmina Ćetković & Slobodan Lakić & Angelina Živković & Miloš Žarković & Radoje Vujadinović, 2021. "Economic Analysis of Measures for GHG Emission Reduction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-25, February.
    6. Artur Jaworski & Hubert Kuszewski & Krzysztof Balawender & Paweł Woś & Krzysztof Lew & Mirosław Jaremcio, 2024. "Assessment of CH 4 Emissions in a Compressed Natural Gas-Adapted Engine in the Context of Changes in the Equivalence Ratio," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-18, April.
    7. Youssef Amry & Elhoussin Elbouchikhi & Franck Le Gall & Mounir Ghogho & Soumia El Hani, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Traction Drives and Charging Station Power Electronics: Current Status and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-30, August.
    8. Vela-García, Nicolas & Bolonio, David & Mosquera, Ana María & Ortega, Marcelo F. & García-Martínez, María-Jesús & Canoira, Laureano, 2020. "Techno-economic and life cycle assessment of triisobutane production and its suitability as biojet fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    9. Solmaz, Hamit & Ardebili, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin & Calam, Alper & Yılmaz, Emre & İpci, Duygu, 2021. "Prediction of performance and exhaust emissions of a CI engine fueled with multi-wall carbon nanotube doped biodiesel-diesel blends using response surface method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    10. Branislav Šarkan & Marek Jaśkiewicz & Przemysław Kubiak & Dariusz Tarnapowicz & Michal Loman, 2022. "Exhaust Emissions Measurement of a Vehicle with Retrofitted LPG System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-22, February.
    11. Xinglong Liu & Fuquan Zhao & Han Hao & Kangda Chen & Zongwei Liu & Hassan Babiker & Amer Ahmad Amer, 2020. "From NEDC to WLTP: Effect on the Energy Consumption, NEV Credits, and Subsidies Policies of PHEV in the Chinese Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-19, July.
    12. Da Wang & Chuanxue Song & Yulong Shao & Shixin Song & Silun Peng & Feng Xiao, 2018. "Optimal Control Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles in the Warm-Up Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, April.
    13. Tolgahan Kaya & Osman Akın Kutlar & Ozgur Oguz Taskiran, 2018. "Evaluation of the Effects of Biodiesel on Emissions and Performance by Comparing the Results of the New European Drive Cycle and Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    14. Barouch Giechaskiel & Dimitrios Komnos & Georgios Fontaras, 2021. "Impacts of Extreme Ambient Temperatures and Road Gradient on Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emissions of a Euro 6d-Temp Gasoline Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
    15. Byun, Jaewon & Han, Jeehoon, 2021. "Economically feasible production of green methane from vegetable and fruit-rich food waste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    16. Dong In Lee & Junhong Park & Myunghwan Shin & Jongtae Lee & Sangki Park, 2022. "Characteristics of Real-World Gaseous Emissions from Construction Machinery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-18, December.
    17. Daniel Rey Aldana & Francisco Reyes Santias & Pilar Mazón Ramos & Manuel Portela Romero & Sergio Cinza Sanjurjo & Belén Álvarez Álvarez & Rosa Agra Bermejo & Francisco Gude Sampedro & José R. González, 2021. "Cost and Potential Savings of Electronic Consultation and Its Relationship with Reduction in Atmospheric Pollution," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-16, November.
    18. Zvonimir Dabčević & Branimir Škugor & Jakov Topić & Joško Deur, 2022. "Synthesis of Driving Cycles Based on Low-Sampling-Rate Vehicle-Tracking Data and Markov Chain Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, June.
    19. Hensher, David A. & Wei, Edward, 2024. "Energy and environmental costs in transitioning to zero and low emission trucks for the Australian truck Fleet: An industry perspective," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    20. Zacharof, Nikiforos & Tietge, Uwe & Franco, Vicente & Mock, Peter, 2016. "Type approval and real-world CO2 and NOx emissions from EU light commercial vehicles," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 540-548.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:6:p:1631-:d:517141. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.