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Electric Bus Charging Scheduling for a Single Public Transport Route Considering Nonlinear Charging Profile and Battery Degradation Effect

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  • Zhou, Yu
  • Meng, Qiang
  • Ong, Ghim Ping

Abstract

This study deals with a fundamental electric bus charging scheduling (EBCS) problem for a single public transport route by considering the nonlinear electric bus (EB) charging profile and battery degradation effect under the partial charging policy, which allows EBs to be charged any length of time and make good use of dwell times between consecutive trips. Given a group of trip tasks for an EB fleet and charger type, the problem is to minimize the total cost for a public transport operator of providing peak-hour bus services for a focal single public transport route by simultaneously determining the EB-to-trip assignment and EB charging schedule with charger type choice subject to the necessary EB operational constraints. We first build a mixed-integer nonlinear and nonconvex programming (MINL&NCP) model for the EBCS problem. To effectively solve the MINL&NCP model to global optimality, we subsequently develop two mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) models by means of linearization and approximation techniques. To accelerate the solution efficiency, we further create three families of valid inequalities depending on the unique features of the problem. A real case study based on the No.171 bus route in Singapore is conducted to demonstrate the performance of the developed models. Extensive numerical experiments are carried out to seek valuable managerial insights for public transport operators.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Yu & Meng, Qiang & Ong, Ghim Ping, 2022. "Electric Bus Charging Scheduling for a Single Public Transport Route Considering Nonlinear Charging Profile and Battery Degradation Effect," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 49-75.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transb:v:159:y:2022:i:c:p:49-75
    DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2022.03.002
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    Cited by:

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    3. Battaïa, Olga & Dolgui, Alexandre & Guschinsky, Nikolai & Kovalyov, Mikhail Y., 2023. "Designing fast-charge urban electric bus services: An Integer Linear Programming model," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    4. Liu, Xiaohan & Yeh, Sonia & Plötz, Patrick & Ma, Wenxi & Li, Feng & Ma, Xiaolei, 2024. "Electric bus charging scheduling problem considering charging infrastructure integrated with solar photovoltaic and energy storage systems," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    5. Guschinsky, Nikolai & Kovalyov, Mikhail Y. & Pesch, Erwin & Rozin, Boris, 2023. "Cost minimizing decisions on equipment and charging schedule for electric buses in a single depot," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    6. Luo, Xiaoling & Fan, Wenbo, 2023. "Joint design of electric bus transit service and wireless charging facilities," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    7. Shehabeldeen, Ali & Foda, Ahmed & Mohamed, Moataz, 2024. "A multi-stage optimization of battery electric bus transit with battery degradation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    8. Lim, Lek Keng & Muis, Zarina Ab & Ho, Wai Shin & Hashim, Haslenda & Bong, Cassendra Phun Chien, 2023. "Review of the energy forecasting and scheduling model for electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    9. Zhou, Yu & Ong, Ghim Ping & Meng, Qiang, 2023. "The road to electrification: Bus fleet replacement strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 337(C).
    10. Yan Xing & Quanbo Fu & Yachao Li & Hanshuo Chu & Enyi Niu, 2023. "Optimal Model of Electric Bus Scheduling Based on Energy Consumption and Battery Loss," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, June.
    11. Wang, Yun & Zhou, Yu & Yan, Xuedong, 2024. "Reliable dynamic wireless charging infrastructure deployment problem for public transport services," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 313(2), pages 747-766.
    12. Tang, Xindi & Yang, Jie & Lin, Xi & He, Fang & Si, Jinhua, 2023. "Dynamic operations of an integrated mobility service system of fixed-route transits and flexible electric buses," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    13. Cui, Shaohua & Gao, Kun & Yu, Bin & Ma, Zhenliang & Najafi, Arsalan, 2023. "Joint optimal vehicle and recharging scheduling for mixed bus fleets under limited chargers," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).

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