IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i14p2727-d248995.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal Scheduling to Manage an Electric Bus Fleet Overnight Charging

Author

Listed:
  • Adnane Houbbadi

    (Univ Lyon, IFSTTAR, AME, Eco7, F-69675 Lyon, France)

  • Rochdi Trigui

    (Univ Lyon, IFSTTAR, AME, Eco7, F-69675 Lyon, France)

  • Serge Pelissier

    (Univ Lyon, IFSTTAR, AME, Eco7, F-69675 Lyon, France)

  • Eduardo Redondo-Iglesias

    (Univ Lyon, IFSTTAR, AME, Eco7, F-69675 Lyon, France)

  • Tanguy Bouton

    (TRANSDEV, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France)

Abstract

Electro-mobility is increasing significantly in the urban public transport and continues to face important challenges. Electric bus fleets require high performance and extended longevity of lithium-ion battery at highly variable temperature and in different operating conditions. On the other hand, bus operators are more concerned about reducing operation and maintenance costs, which affects the battery aging cost and represents a significant economic parameter for the deployment of electric bus fleets. This paper introduces a methodological approach to manage overnight charging of an electric bus fleet. This approach identifies an optimal charging strategy that minimizes the battery aging cost (the cost of replacing the battery spread over the battery lifetime). The optimization constraints are related to the bus operating conditions, the electric vehicle supply equipment, and the power grid. The optimization evaluates the fitness function through the coupled modeling of electro-thermal and aging properties of lithium-ion batteries. Simulation results indicate a significant reduction in the battery capacity loss over 10 years of operation for the optimal charging strategy compared to three typical charging strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Adnane Houbbadi & Rochdi Trigui & Serge Pelissier & Eduardo Redondo-Iglesias & Tanguy Bouton, 2019. "Optimal Scheduling to Manage an Electric Bus Fleet Overnight Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-17, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:14:p:2727-:d:248995
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/14/2727/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/14/2727/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aziz, Muhammad & Oda, Takuya & Ito, Masakazu, 2016. "Battery-assisted charging system for simultaneous charging of electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 82-90.
    2. Petit, Martin & Prada, Eric & Sauvant-Moynot, Valérie, 2016. "Development of an empirical aging model for Li-ion batteries and application to assess the impact of Vehicle-to-Grid strategies on battery lifetime," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 398-407.
    3. Yajing Gao & Shixiao Guo & Jiafeng Ren & Zheng Zhao & Ali Ehsan & Yanan Zheng, 2018. "An Electric Bus Power Consumption Model and Optimization of Charging Scheduling Concerning Multi-External Factors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Lai, Chun Sing & Locatelli, Giorgio & Pimm, Andrew & Tao, Yingshan & Li, Xuecong & Lai, Loi Lei, 2019. "A financial model for lithium-ion storage in a photovoltaic and biogas energy system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Hu, Junjie & Morais, Hugo & Sousa, Tiago & Lind, Morten, 2016. "Electric vehicle fleet management in smart grids: A review of services, optimization and control aspects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1207-1226.
    6. Rogge, Matthias & van der Hurk, Evelien & Larsen, Allan & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2018. "Electric bus fleet size and mix problem with optimization of charging infrastructure," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 282-295.
    7. Monica Alonso & Hortensia Amaris & Jean Gardy Germain & Juan Manuel Galan, 2014. "Optimal Charging Scheduling of Electric Vehicles in Smart Grids by Heuristic Algorithms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-27, April.
    8. Tao Zhu & Haitao Min & Yuanbin Yu & Zhongmin Zhao & Tao Xu & Yang Chen & Xinyong Li & Cong Zhang, 2017. "An Optimized Energy Management Strategy for Preheating Vehicle-Mounted Li-ion Batteries at Subzero Temperatures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-23, February.
    9. Lai, Chun Sing & Jia, Youwei & Lai, Loi Lei & Xu, Zhao & McCulloch, Malcolm D. & Wong, Kit Po, 2017. "A comprehensive review on large-scale photovoltaic system with applications of electrical energy storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 439-451.
    10. Su, Wencong & Chow, Mo-Yuen, 2012. "Computational intelligence-based energy management for a large-scale PHEV/PEV enabled municipal parking deck," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 171-182.
    11. Schoch, Jennifer & Gaerttner, Johannes & Schuller, Alexander & Setzer, Thomas, 2018. "Enhancing electric vehicle sustainability through battery life optimal charging," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1-18.
    12. Rong-Ceng Leou & Jeng-Jiun Hung, 2017. "Optimal Charging Schedule Planning and Economic Analysis for Electric Bus Charging Stations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-17, April.
    13. Marongiu, Andrea & Roscher, Marco & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2015. "Influence of the vehicle-to-grid strategy on the aging behavior of lithium battery electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 899-912.
    14. Jaguemont, J. & Boulon, L. & Dubé, Y., 2016. "A comprehensive review of lithium-ion batteries used in hybrid and electric vehicles at cold temperatures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 99-114.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Carola Leone & Laura Sturaro & Giacomo Geroli & Michela Longo & Wahiba Yaici, 2021. "Design and Implementation of an Electric Skibus Line in North Italy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Boud Verbrugge & Abdul Mannan Rauf & Haaris Rasool & Mohamed Abdel-Monem & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Real-Time Charging Scheduling and Optimization of Electric Buses in a Depot," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    3. Zhou, Yu & Meng, Qiang & Ong, Ghim Ping, 2022. "Electric Bus Charging Scheduling for a Single Public Transport Route Considering Nonlinear Charging Profile and Battery Degradation Effect," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 49-75.
    4. Jing Wang & Heqi Wang & Chunguang Wang, 2023. "Optimal Charging Pile Configuration and Charging Scheduling for Electric Bus Routes Considering the Impact of Ambient Temperature on Charging Power," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Perumal, Shyam S.G. & Lusby, Richard M. & Larsen, Jesper, 2022. "Electric bus planning & scheduling: A review of related problems and methodologies," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 301(2), pages 395-413.
    6. Xiaoqing Su & Lanqing Jiang & Yucheng Huang, 2023. "Design of Electric Bus Transit Routes with Charging Stations under Demand Uncertainty," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-16, February.
    7. Boud Verbrugge & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Haaris Rasool & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Smart Integration of Electric Buses in Cities: A Technological Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.
    8. Basma, Hussein & Haddad, Marc & Mansour, Charbel & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2022. "Evaluation of the techno-economic performance of battery electric buses: Case study of a bus line in paris," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    9. Zhou, Yu & Wang, Hua & Wang, Yun & Yu, Bin & Tang, Tianpei, 2024. "Charging facility planning and scheduling problems for battery electric bus systems: A comprehensive review," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    10. López-Ibarra, Jon Ander & Gaztañaga, Haizea & Saez-de-Ibarra, Andoni & Camblong, Haritza, 2020. "Plug-in hybrid electric buses total cost of ownership optimization at fleet level based on battery aging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    11. Boud Verbrugge & Haaris Rasool & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Sajib Chakraborty & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Reliability Assessment of SiC-Based Depot Charging Infrastructure with Smart and Bidirectional (V2X) Charging Strategies for Electric Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-15, December.
    12. Roberto de Fazio & Donato Cafagna & Giorgio Marcuccio & Paolo Visconti, 2020. "Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, February.
    13. Basma, Hussein & Mansour, Charbel & Haddad, Marc & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2023. "A novel method for co-optimizing battery sizing and charging strategy of battery electric bus fleets: An application to the city of Paris," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    14. Matteo Ravasio & Gian Paolo Incremona & Patrizio Colaneri & Andrea Dolcini & Piero Moia, 2021. "Distributed Nonlinear AIMD Algorithms for Electric Bus Charging Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.
    15. Guschinsky, Nikolai & Kovalyov, Mikhail Y. & Pesch, Erwin & Rozin, Boris, 2023. "Cost minimizing decisions on equipment and charging schedule for electric buses in a single depot," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    16. Amra Jahic & Felix Heider & Maik Plenz & Detlef Schulz, 2022. "Flexibility Quantification and the Potential for Its Usage in the Case of Electric Bus Depots with Unidirectional Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-18, May.
    17. Feifeng Zheng & Zhaojie Wang & Ming Liu, 2022. "Overnight charging scheduling of battery electric buses with uncertain charging time," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 4865-4903, November.
    18. Feifeng Zheng & Zhixin Wang & Zhaojie Wang & Ming Liu, 2023. "Daytime and Overnight Joint Charging Scheduling for Battery Electric Buses Considering Time-Varying Charging Power," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-19, July.
    19. Das, H.S. & Rahman, M.M. & Li, S. & Tan, C.W., 2020. "Electric vehicles standards, charging infrastructure, and impact on grid integration: A technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Boud Verbrugge & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Haaris Rasool & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Smart Integration of Electric Buses in Cities: A Technological Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.
    2. Jean-Michel Clairand & Paulo Guerra-Terán & Xavier Serrano-Guerrero & Mario González-Rodríguez & Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá, 2019. "Electric Vehicles for Public Transportation in Power Systems: A Review of Methodologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Kayhan Alamatsaz & Sadam Hussain & Chunyan Lai & Ursula Eicker, 2022. "Electric Bus Scheduling and Timetabling, Fast Charging Infrastructure Planning, and Their Impact on the Grid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-39, October.
    4. Boud Verbrugge & Abdul Mannan Rauf & Haaris Rasool & Mohamed Abdel-Monem & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Real-Time Charging Scheduling and Optimization of Electric Buses in a Depot," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    5. Andrzej Łebkowski, 2019. "Studies of Energy Consumption by a City Bus Powered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System in Variable Road Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-39, March.
    6. Gschwendtner, Christine & Sinsel, Simon R. & Stephan, Annegret, 2021. "Vehicle-to-X (V2X) implementation: An overview of predominate trial configurations and technical, social and regulatory challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    7. Brinkel, Nico & Zijlstra, Marle & van Bezu, Ronald & van Twuijver, Tim & Lampropoulos, Ioannis & van Sark, Wilfried, 2023. "A comparative analysis of charging strategies for battery electric buses in wholesale electricity and ancillary services markets," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    8. Sajjad Haider & Peter Schegner, 2020. "Heuristic Optimization of Overloading Due to Electric Vehicles in a Low Voltage Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Perumal, Shyam S.G. & Lusby, Richard M. & Larsen, Jesper, 2022. "Electric bus planning & scheduling: A review of related problems and methodologies," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 301(2), pages 395-413.
    10. Lai, Chun Sing & Locatelli, Giorgio, 2021. "Economic and financial appraisal of novel large-scale energy storage technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    11. Tao, Laifa & Cheng, Yujie & Lu, Chen & Su, Yuzhuan & Chong, Jin & Jin, Haizu & Lin, Yongshou & Noktehdan, Azadeh, 2017. "Lithium-ion battery capacity fading dynamics modelling for formulation optimization: A stochastic approach to accelerate the design process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 138-152.
    12. Tuchnitz, Felix & Ebell, Niklas & Schlund, Jonas & Pruckner, Marco, 2021. "Development and Evaluation of a Smart Charging Strategy for an Electric Vehicle Fleet Based on Reinforcement Learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    13. Foda, Ahmed & Abdelaty, Hatem & Mohamed, Moataz & El-Saadany, Ehab, 2023. "A generic cost-utility-emission optimization for electric bus transit infrastructure planning and charging scheduling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    14. Mathieu, Romain & Baghdadi, Issam & Briat, Olivier & Gyan, Philippe & Vinassa, Jean-Michel, 2017. "D-optimal design of experiments applied to lithium battery for ageing model calibration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 2108-2119.
    15. Ali M. Eltamaly, 2023. "Smart Decentralized Electric Vehicle Aggregators for Optimal Dispatch Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-28, December.
    16. Wu, Xiaomei & Feng, Qijin & Bai, Chenchen & Lai, Chun Sing & Jia, Youwei & Lai, Loi Lei, 2021. "A novel fast-charging stations locational planning model for electric bus transit system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    17. Li, Shuangqi & He, Hongwen & Su, Chang & Zhao, Pengfei, 2020. "Data driven battery modeling and management method with aging phenomenon considered," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    18. Hossain, Md Alamgir & Pota, Hemanshu Roy & Squartini, Stefano & Zaman, Forhad & Guerrero, Josep M., 2019. "Energy scheduling of community microgrid with battery cost using particle swarm optimisation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    19. Gaizka Saldaña & Jose Ignacio San Martin & Inmaculada Zamora & Francisco Javier Asensio & Oier Oñederra, 2019. "Electric Vehicle into the Grid: Charging Methodologies Aimed at Providing Ancillary Services Considering Battery Degradation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-37, June.
    20. Lai, Chun Sing & Locatelli, Giorgio, 2021. "Valuing the option to prototype: A case study with Generation Integrated Energy Storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:14:p:2727-:d:248995. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.