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Refrigerant R32 as lower GWP working fluid in residential air conditioning systems in Europe and the USA

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  • Mota-Babiloni, Adrián
  • Navarro-Esbrí, Joaquín
  • Makhnatch, Pavel
  • Molés, Francisco

Abstract

Because air conditioning and heat pump systems contribute greatly to greenhouse gas emissions, equipment with both lower global warming potential (GWP) working fluids and a higher level of performance should be used. R32 (difluoromethane) has been proposed to substitute R410A, particularly in residential air conditioning (RAC) systems. This study collected the most relevant and recent researches into R32 as a refrigerant so as to assess its viability in RAC systems in both Europe and the USA, as compared to R410A and other lower GWP RAC alternatives.

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  • Mota-Babiloni, Adrián & Navarro-Esbrí, Joaquín & Makhnatch, Pavel & Molés, Francisco, 2017. "Refrigerant R32 as lower GWP working fluid in residential air conditioning systems in Europe and the USA," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1031-1042.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:80:y:2017:i:c:p:1031-1042
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.216
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    1. Meng, Fanxi & Zhang, Quan & Lin, Yaolin & Zou, Sikai & Fu, Jiyao & Liu, Baochang & Wang, Wei & Ma, Xiaowei & Du, Sheng, 2022. "Field study on the performance of a thermosyphon and mechanical refrigeration hybrid cooling system in a 5G telecommunication base station," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    2. Maiorino, Angelo & Del Duca, Manuel Gesù & Aprea, Ciro, 2022. "ART.I.CO. (ARTificial Intelligence for COoling): An innovative method for optimizing the control of refrigeration systems based on Artificial Neural Networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    3. Sergio Bobbo & Laura Fedele & Marco Curcio & Anna Bet & Michele De Carli & Giuseppe Emmi & Fabio Poletto & Andrea Tarabotti & Dimitris Mendrinos & Giulia Mezzasalma & Adriana Bernardi, 2019. "Energetic and Exergetic Analysis of Low Global Warming Potential Refrigerants as Substitutes for R410A in Ground Source Heat Pumps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Ana Fernández-Guillamón & Ángel Molina-García & Francisco Vera-García & José A. Almendros-Ibáñez, 2021. "Organic Rankine Cycle Optimization Performance Analysis Based on Super-Heater Pressure: Comparison of Working Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Albà, C.G. & Alkhatib, I.I.I. & Llovell, F. & Vega, L.F., 2023. "Hunting sustainable refrigerants fulfilling technical, environmental, safety and economic requirements," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    6. Kumma, Nagarjuna & Kruthiventi, S.S Harish, 2024. "Current status of refrigerants used in domestic applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    7. Piyanut Saengsikhiao & Juntakan Taweekun & Kittinan Maliwan & Somchai Sae-ung & Thanansak Theppaya, 2020. "Investigation and Analysis of R463A as an Alternative Refrigerant to R404A with Lower Global Warming Potential," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-19, March.
    8. Kim, Dongwoo & Lee, DongChan & Lee, Minwoo & Chung, Hyun Joon & Kim, Yongchan, 2021. "Energy performance evaluation of two-phase injection heat pump employing low-GWP refrigerant R32 under various outdoor conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).

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