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Frequency control support of a wind-solar isolated system by a hydropower plant with long tail-race tunnel

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  • Martínez-Lucas, Guillermo
  • Sarasúa, José Ignacio
  • Sánchez-Fernández, José Ángel
  • Wilhelmi, José Román

Abstract

Pumped storage hydro plants (PSHP) can provide adequate energy storage and frequency regulation capacities in isolated power systems having significant renewable energy resources. Due to its high wind and solar potential, several plans have been developed for La Palma Island in the Canary archipelago, aimed at increasing the penetration of these energy sources. In this paper, the performance of the frequency control of La Palma power system is assessed, when the demand is supplied by the available wind and solar generation with the support of a PSHP which has been predesigned for this purpose. The frequency regulation is provided exclusively by the PSHP. Due to topographic and environmental constraints, this plant has a long tail-race tunnel without a surge tank. In this configuration, the effects of pressure waves cannot be neglected and, therefore, usual recommendations for PID governor tuning provide poor performance. A PI governor tuning criterion is proposed for the hydro plant and compared with other criteria according to several performance indices. Several scenarios considering solar and wind energy penetration have been simulated to check the plant response using the proposed criterion. This tuning of the PI governor maintains La Palma system frequency within grid code requirements.

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  • Martínez-Lucas, Guillermo & Sarasúa, José Ignacio & Sánchez-Fernández, José Ángel & Wilhelmi, José Román, 2016. "Frequency control support of a wind-solar isolated system by a hydropower plant with long tail-race tunnel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 362-376.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:90:y:2016:i:c:p:362-376
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.01.015
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    Cited by:

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    6. Martínez – Lucas, Guillermo & Sarasua, José Ignacio & Fernández – Guillamón, Ana & Molina – García, Ángel, 2021. "Combined hydro-wind frequency control scheme: Modal analysis and isolated power system case example," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1056-1072.
    7. Yu, Xiaodong & Yang, Xiuwei & Zhang, Jian, 2019. "Stability analysis of hydro-turbine governing system including surge tanks under interconnected operation during small load disturbance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 1426-1435.
    8. Yu, Xiaodong & Yang, Xiuwei & Yu, Chao & Zhang, Jian & Tian, Yuan, 2021. "Direct approach to optimize PID controller parameters of hydropower plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 342-350.
    9. Wang, Cong & Wang, Dekuan & Zhang, Jianming, 2021. "Experimental study on isolated operation of hydro-turbine governing system of Lunzua hydropower station in Zambia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1237-1247.
    10. Han, Shuo & He, Mengjiao & Zhao, Ziwen & Chen, Diyi & Xu, Beibei & Jurasz, Jakub & Liu, Fusheng & Zheng, Hongxi, 2023. "Overcoming the uncertainty and volatility of wind power: Day-ahead scheduling of hydro-wind hybrid power generation system by coordinating power regulation and frequency response flexibility," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    11. Wencheng Guo & Daoyi Zhu, 2018. "A Review of the Transient Process and Control for a Hydropower Station with a Super Long Headrace Tunnel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-27, November.
    12. José Ignacio Sarasúa & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Carlos A. Platero & José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, 2018. "Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, October.
    13. Tang, Renbo & Yang, Jiandong & Yang, Weijia & Zou, Jin & Lai, Xu, 2019. "Dynamic regulation characteristics of pumped-storage plants with two generating units sharing common conduits and busbar for balancing variable renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1064-1077.
    14. Yu, Xiaodong & Zhang, Jian & Fan, Chengyu & Chen, Sheng, 2016. "Stability analysis of governor-turbine-hydraulic system by state space method and graph theory," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 613-622.
    15. Rezghi, Ali & Riasi, Alireza & Tazraei, Pedram, 2020. "Multi-objective optimization of hydraulic transient condition in a pump-turbine hydropower considering the wicket-gates closing law and the surge tank position," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 478-491.
    16. Rezghi, Ali & Riasi, Alireza, 2018. "The interaction effect of hydraulic transient conditions of two parallel pump-turbine units in a pumped-storage power plant with considering “S-shaped” instability region: Numerical simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 896-908.
    17. Yang, Weijia & Norrlund, Per & Chung, Chi Yung & Yang, Jiandong & Lundin, Urban, 2018. "Eigen-analysis of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling mechanism for small signal stability of hydropower plant," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 1014-1025.
    18. Keyun Zhuang & Chaodan Gao & Ze Li & Donglin Yan & Xiangqian Fu, 2018. "Dynamic Analyses of the Hydro-Turbine Generator Shafting System Considering the Hydraulic Instability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, October.
    19. Matthew, George Jr. & Nuttall, William J. & Mestel, Ben & Dooley, Laurence S., 2019. "Low carbon futures: Confronting electricity challenges on island systems," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 36-50.

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